The expression of micro
RNA
(miR)‐140‐5p is known to be reduced in both pulmonary arterial hypertension (
PAH
) patients and monocrotaline‐induced
PAH
models in rat. Identification of target genes for miR‐140‐5p with bioinformatics analysis may reveal new pathways and connections in
PAH
. This study aimed to explore downstream target genes and relevant signaling pathways regulated by miR‐140‐5p to provide theoretical evidences for further researches on role of miR‐140‐5p in
PAH
. Multiple downstream target genes and upstream transcription factors (
TF
s) of miR‐140‐5p were predicted in the analysis. Gene ontology (
GO
) enrichment analysis indicated that downstream target genes of miR‐140‐5p were enriched in many biological processes, such as biological regulation, signal transduction, response to chemical stimulus, stem cell proliferation, cell surface receptor signaling pathways. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (
KEGG
) pathway analysis found that downstream target genes were mainly located in Notch,
TGF
‐beta,
PI
3K/Akt, and Hippo signaling pathway. According to
TF
–mi
RNA
–
mRNA
network, the important downstream target genes of miR‐140‐5p were
PPI
,
TGF
‐betaR1, smad4,
JAG
1,
ADAM
10,
FGF
9,
PDGFRA
,
VEGFA
,
LAMC
1,
TLR
4, and
CREB
. After thoroughly reviewing published literature, we found that 23 target genes and seven signaling pathways were truly inhibited by miR‐140‐5p in various tissues or cells; most of these verified targets were in accordance with our present prediction. Other predicted targets still need further verification
in vivo
and
in vitro
.