Inhibition of food intake in the rat following complete absorption of glucose delivered into the stomach, intestine or liver.

Booth, D.A.; Jarman, S P

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011479

Cited by 80 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This satiating effect was observed only in free-feeding sham-operated rabbits and not in fasted sham-operated rabbits or vagotomized rabbits following fasting or continuous access to food. These data are consistent with reports that intraduodenal glucose administration reduced feeding in several species (Booth & Jarman, 1976;Heron & Stephens, 1978;Houpt, Houpt, & Pond, 1979;Novin et aI., 1974). The failure of other investigations (Ehman et aI., 1971;Glick, 1979;Yin & Tsai, 1973) to demonstrate nutrient-specific suppression of feeding after intraduodenal glucose infusion may be due to the use of long-fasted subjects, which have previously been shown to be less sensitive to the satiating effect of glucose infusion (present experiment; Novin et aI., 1974).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Although some investigations have failed to observe nutrient-specific satiety following glucose infusion into the alimentary tract (Ehman, Albert, & Jamieson, 1971; Glick, 1979;Yin & Tsai, 1973), the use of long-fasted animals may have been a reason for the absence of satiety, since the depression in feeding produced by intraduodenal glucose infusion in free-feeding rabbits was absent following a fast (Novin et aI., 1974). VanderWeele, Skoog, and Novin (1976) demonstrated that intraduodenal glucose administration decreased feeding in freefeeding rabbits but not in rabbits fasted for even as short a period as 2 h. The magnitude of the glucose load also plays a very important role in determining its modulatory influence on feeding, since a small duodenal infusion (3.5 mIl kg BW) of 5% glucose decreased food intake in free-feeding rabbits, where~s a larger load (10.5 mIlkg BW) of 5070 glucose actually intake to caloric availability (Booth & Jarman, 1976;Friedman & Stricker, 1976). Thus, one rationale for the present study was to determine the relation between the glucose load (produced by varying glucose concentration) and subsequent feeding.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Feeding pattern of rabbits following intraduodenal glucose infusion as a function of caloric load, fasting interval, and vagal denervation

1982

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Several meal parameters were evaluated during the 3-h period following intraduodenal infusion (3.3 ml/kg BW) of 5%, 10%, or 20% d-glucose, infusion of isotonic saline, or no infusion. Bilateral subdiaphragmatically vagotomized and sham-operated rabbits with chronic intraduodenal cannulas received all infusion treatments following both a 24-h fast and a period of free feeding. When infusions were given after free feeding, cumulative food intake was significantly decreased and latency to initiate feeding significantly increased by infusion of 5% glucose in the sham-operated rabbits, but not by infusion of lO% or 20% glucose. Cumulative food intake and latency were not affected by glucose infusion in the fasted sham-operated rabbits, or in the vagotomized rabbits following fasting or free feeding. The absence of glucose-induced satiety for the higher concentrations indicates that vagotomy does not merely shift the threshold for satiety, but appears to render vagotomized rabbits insensitive to the satiating effects of glucose. Both vagal denervation and a 24-h pretest fast produced dramatic effects on several short-term meal parameters. The nonmonotonic relation between the intraduodenal glucose load and subsequent feeding in sham-operated, free-feeding rabbits may result from the interaction of several factors, including activation of visceral satiety mechanisms, secretion of gut hormones, and visceral malaise.Administration of glucose directly into the antral duodenum has been reported to produce a decrease in subsequent short-term feeding in rabbits (Novin,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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confidence: 99%

Feeding pattern of rabbits following intraduodenal glucose infusion as a function of caloric load, fasting interval, and vagal denervation

1982

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“…Recently, the intestine has been considered as a possible site of glucoreceptors (Mei, 1978). Experimental evidence for such glucoreceptors active in the short-term control of food intake in the rabbit (Novin, Sanderson & VanderWeele, 1974) and the rat (Yin & Tsai, 1973;Booth, 1972b;Booth & Jarman, 1976) has been ambiguous and has varied with the experimental procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of alimentary infusions of glucose, amino acids, or neutral fat on meal size in hungry pigs.

Stephens¹

1980

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Young growing pigs trained to press a panel in order to obtain delivery of small quantities of food were adapted to eating all their food during one readily measured meal per day.2. Twenty-nine pigs were surgically fitted with an exteriorized cannula connected to either (a) the stomach or (b) the duodenum.3. Two pigs were each fitted with two cannulae in the duodenum which were exteriorized and connected outside the body. Food was then shunted so as to pass along outside the body from the pyloric region of the duodenum to the lower part of the duodenum via the tube connecting the exteriorized cannulae.4. While feeding, the pigs were given 250 ml. infusions of solutions of (1) 0 9 % saline or (2) 15 % glucose into either the stomach or the duodenum. Similar volumes of amino acids or 15 % neutral fat were infused into the duodenum.5. The infusions lasted about 3 min and were started 2-3 min after the beginning of a meal.6. Control meals without infusions took 30-40 min. The 15 % intraduodenal glucose infusions consistently produced a suppression of eating 15-20 min after the end of the infusion.7. Infusions of 0 9 % saline, of 10 % amino acid or of 15 % neutral fat did not reduce significantly the intake of food or the duration of the meal.8. It was not clear how the glucose solution was able to suppress appetite. The possible existence of a specific glucose receptor is discussed.

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“…It remains unclear whether the postulated receptors are sensitive only to glucose or to other metabolites as well. Intraportal infusions of glucose have suppressed food intake in dogs (Russek, 1970), rats (Booth & Jarman, 1976), rabbits (VanderWeele et al 1976) and chickens (Shurlock & Forbes, 1981). In contrast, some studies have failed to demonstrate an effect on feeding of glucose infusion into the liver.…”

Section: Sensory Functions Of the Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural control and neurosensory functions of the liver

Anil

Forbes

1987

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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In addition to the important roles of the mammalian liver in the control of homeostasis, such as the clearance, detoxification, inactivation and storage of fuels, it is subjected to various neural stimuli and appears to act as a sensory organ. The liver is in the ideal position to be involved in the control of metabolism and many changes are signalled to the central nervous system (CNS) by both neural and humoral pathways. Despite a considerable amount of research it is still difficult to draw firm conclusions from the available evidence in view of the often controversial reports in the literature. The neural mechanisms, especially the sensory functions of the liver, have proved to be particularly difficult to interpret for the following reasons: ( I ) lack of clear knowledge of the location and routes of hepatic nerves in different species; (2) difficulty in employing conventional histological and electrophysiological techniques; (3) different experimental approaches resulting in discrepant results; (4) uncertainty of relating effects of neural activation directly to the liver and the possibility that other splanchnic organs are involved, especially the adrenal medulla and pancreas.Combinations of physiological, histological and behavioural approaches need to be made to advance our understanding of the integration of the liver into the whole complex of neural and humoral systems involved in the control of metabolism.

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Inhibition of food intake in the rat following complete absorption of glucose delivered into the stomach, intestine or liver.

Cited by 80 publications

References 42 publications

Feeding pattern of rabbits following intraduodenal glucose infusion as a function of caloric load, fasting interval, and vagal denervation

Feeding pattern of rabbits following intraduodenal glucose infusion as a function of caloric load, fasting interval, and vagal denervation

The effects of alimentary infusions of glucose, amino acids, or neutral fat on meal size in hungry pigs.

Neural control and neurosensory functions of the liver

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