Inhibition of glutathione reductase by flavonoids

Elliott, Andrew; Scheiber, Sandra A.; Thomas, Carin; Pardini, Ronald S.

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(92)90478-2

Cited by 133 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In plant, flavonoids play different roles in the ecology. The protective effects of flavonoids in biological systems are ascribed to their capacity to transfer electrons free radicals, chelate metal catalysts (Ferrali et al, 1997), activate antioxidant enzymes (Elliott et al, 1992), reduce alpha-tocopherol radicals (Hirano et al, 2001), and inhibit oxidases (Cos et al, 1998). Furthermore, flavonoids protect plants from solar UV radiation and scavenge UV generated ROS (Shirley, 1996).…”

Section: Natural Flavonoids As Photoprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoprotection of natural flavonoids

Saewan

Jimtaisong²

2013

J App Pharm Sci

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Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause a number of skin disorders such as erythema, edema, hyperpigmentation, immunosuppression, photoaging, and skin cancer. Since the level of UV radiation is increasing as a result of depletion of the stratospheric ozone and climate change, the protection of human skin against the harmful effects of UV radiation is an urgent need. Topical application of sunscreens is a strategy to protect the deleterious effect of UV radiation on the skin. Sunscreens today contain one or several synthetic UV filter molecules which protect the UV radiation exposed on the epidermis. These molecules are broadly divided into physical and chemical agents. Physical sunscreens reflect and scatter UVB, UVA and visible radiation. Chemical sunscreens act by absorbing ultraviolet radiation and re-emitting chemical energy as heat or light. Several synthetic UV filter molecules are available in the market but they have limited use because these active molecules may create adverse effects on human skin. Some information on possible photon induced reaction such as photoirritation, photosensitization and contact dermatitis by sunscreen products containing synthetic organic sunscreen agents. To overcome these side effects, naturally occurring compounds have gained considerable attention as photoprotective agents. Flavonoids, a group of natural occurring compounds, act as catalysts in the light phase of photosynthesis and as stress protectants in plant cells by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Natural flavonoids have the potential photoprotection because of their UV absorbing, their ability to act as direct and indirect antioxidants as well as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents which provide exciting platforms for the development of photoprotection. This review summarizes the structure and potential photoprotection activity of several natural flavonoids.

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Section: Natural Flavonoids As Photoprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoprotection of natural flavonoids

Saewan

Jimtaisong²

2013

J App Pharm Sci

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“…These experimental re-sults are in good agreement with previous reports on a possible role of flavonoids, as well as other phytochemicals, in modulating the glutathione (GSH) antioxidant activity, including regulation of intracellular GSH levels through targeting its synthesis, induction of multiple resistant protein 1 mediated GSH efflux, or inhibition of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity observed in hematopoietic malignant and solid cancer cells in vitro and in vivo [19,24,44]. Furthermore, an in vitro study showed that anthocyanidins inhibit glutathione reductase (GR) in an oxygen-dependent manner, presumably via the effect of superoxide [45]. Therefore, these results suggest that anthocyanidins may be used as sensitizing agents through modulating intracellular redox status in various cancer therapy.…”

Section: Anthocyansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, several lines of evidence have shown that the number of hydroxyl groups on the B-ring of anthocyanidins is associated with the potency of prooxidative [45][46][47], apoptotic induction [48], anti-transformation [49], as well as antioxidative activities [1,8]. For instance, delphinidin and cyanidin that possess orthodihydroxyphenyl structure on the B-ring, showed stronger apoptotic induction in human leukemia cells [48] and inhibitory effect on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced cell transformation [49].…”

Section: Anthocyansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytocidal Effects of Polyphenolic Compounds, Alone or in Combination with, Anticancer Drugs Against Cancer Cells: Potential Future Application of the Combinatory Therapy

Yuan¹,

Imai²,

Kikuchi³

et al. 2012

Apoptosis and Medicine

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“…[15] The beneficial health effects of plants are attributed to flavanoids, a class of secondary metabolites which protect the plant against ultraviolet light and even herbivores. [16] The protective effects of flavanoids are due to their capacity to transfer electrons to free radicals and to chelate metal catalysts [17] activate antioxidant enzymes, [18] reduce α tocopherol radical [19] and inhibit known free radical producing enzymes, such as myeloperoxidase and NADPH oxidase [20] and xanthine oxidase. [21] Further flavanoids have demonstrated exceptional cardioprotective effects, essentially because of their capacity to inhibit LDL peroxidation.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Extractmentioning

confidence: 99%