Inhibition of growth of human malignant glioblastoma in nude mice by antagonists of bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide

Effective treatment of experimental U-87MG human glioblastoma in nude mice with a targeted cytotoxic bombesin analogue, AN-215

“…RT -PCR analyses also confirmed previous findings that these tumours express mRNAs for BN receptor subtype 1 and 2 but not for the orphan receptor subtype 3 (Kiaris et al, 1999b) Histological analysis showed that treatment with AN-215, but not with cytotoxic radical AN-201, increased significantly the area of necrosis and the ratio of apoptotic to mitotic indices in U-87MG tumours. This can be explained by a higher accumulation of the cytotoxic radical in tumour tissue after treatment with AN-215, as a result of targeting.…”

“…Two ml of the cDNA were amplified in a 25-ml solution containing: 2 mM MgCl 2 , 16 PCR buffer, 200 mM of each dNTP, 2.5 units of Ampli Taq DNA polymerase and 0.2 mM of each primer. The primers used were 5'-TCC TCT GAC TTC AAC AGC GAC ACC-3' and 5'-TCT CTC TTC CTC TTG TGC TCT TGG-3' for hGAPDH, 5'-ATT TGG CAG GAT TGG CTG C-3' and 5'-TGA GGC AGA TCT TCA TCA G-3' for hGRPR, 5'-CGG ACT CTG CTG GAA AGG A-3' and 5'-GAC GTC TGC ATG TCC ATG G-3' for hNMBR (Kiaris et al, 1999b). Samples were denatured at 948C for 5 min and then subjected to 30 cycles for hGAPDH or 40 cycles for hNMBR of 948C for 30 s, 608C for 30 s and 728C for 40 s or 35 cycles for hGRPR of 948C for 1 min, 588C for 1 min and 728C for 1 min, followed by a final extension at 728C for 7 min using a PerkinElmer DNA thermal cycler model 2400.…”

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) induces angiogenesis and the specific GRP blocker 77427 inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo

“…Our PCR profiling is in agreement with this observation since NMBR was the receptor with higher expression. Our observations and previous studies suggest the existence of a paracrine mechanism by which GRP is secreted by the tumor cells (Kiaris et al, 1999;Lango et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2002;Moody et al, 2003b), diffuses through the extracellular milieu and binds to specific receptors in the endothelial cell surface. The activated endothelial cells have more ability to migrate and form primitive capillaries, thus initiating angiogenic sprouting.…”

“…Inhibitors of GRP have shown promising antitumor effects in animal models (Kiaris et al, 1999;Moody et al, 2003a, b;Nock et al, 2005) and in the clinic (Chaudhry et al, 1999). We have recently found a new class of GRP blockers that bind to the peptide rather than to the receptor (Martı´nez et al, 2004a).…”

Glaucocalyxin A Activates FasL and Induces Apoptosis Through Activation of the JNK Pathway in Human Breast Cancer Cells

“…The nucleotide sequences for the oligonucleotide primers used are shown in Table 1 (Kiaris et al, 1999;Chatzistamou et al, 2000;Hendrickx et al, 2003;Minko et al, 2005;Lu et al, 2010) …”