Inhibition of Hippocampal Neurogenesis Starting in Adolescence Increases Anxiodepressive Behaviors Amid Stress

Larivee, Rachelle; Johnson, Natalie; Freedgood, Nathalie R.; Cameron, Heather A.; Schoenfeld, Timothy J.

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.940125

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 86 publications

(132 reference statements)

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“…These distinctions may not only determine typical functions of the hippocampus in males and females but can also contribute to their distinct susceptibility to psychiatric disorders. Our findings also elucidate the significance of age in determining the structural attributes of hippocampal neurons, particularly during adolescence and the transition to young adulthood, which may underlie the heightened vulnerabilities to environmental factors, including stress and drugs, during this period (Larivee et al, 2022). These, encourage further studies on the functional properties of hippocampal synapses, and their contribution to both normal and abnormal behavior in male and female rats during this critical time of hippocampal ontogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Sex‐specific dendritic morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the adolescent and young adult rats

Yarmohammadi‐Samani,

Vatanparast

2023

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons are the major sources of hippocampal efferents. The structural features of these neurons are presumed to be involved in various normal/abnormal cognitive and emotional outcomes by influencing the pattern of synaptic inputs and neuronal signal processing. Although many studies have described hippocampal structure differences between males and females, these reports mainly focused on gross anatomical features in adult or aged models, and such distinctions on neuronal morphology and dendritic spine density during adolescence, a period of high vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disorders, have received much less attention. In this work, we analyzed dendritic architecture and density of spines in CA1 and CA3 neurons of male and female rats in early adolescence (postnatal day, PND 40) and compared them with those in late adolescence/young adulthood (PND 60). On PND 40, CA1 neurons of male rats showed more Sholl intersections and spine density in apical and basal dendrites compared to those in females. The Sholl intersections in basal dendrites of CA3 neurons were also more in males, whereas the number of apical dendrite intersections was not significantly different between sexes. In male rats, there was a notable decrease in the number of branch and terminal points in the basal dendrite of CA1 neurons of young adults when compared to their sex‐matched adolescent rats. On the other hand, CA1 neurons in young adult females also showed more Sholl intersections in apical and basal dendrites compared to adolescent females. Meanwhile, the total cable length, the number of branches, and terminal points of apical dendrites in CA3 neurons also exhibited a significant reduction in young adult male rats compared to their sex‐matched adolescents. In young adult rats, both apical and basal dendrites of CA3 neurons in males showed fewer intersections with Sholl circles, but there were no significant differences in dendritic spine density or count estimation between males and females. On the other hand, young adult female rats had more Sholl intersections and dendritic spine count on the basal dendrites of CA3 neurons compared to adolescent females. Although no significant sex‐ and age‐dependent difference in neuronal density was detected in CA1 and CA3 subareas, CA3 pyramidal neurons of both male and female rats showed reduced soma area compared to adolescent rats. Our findings show that the sex differences in the dendritic structure of CA1 and CA3 neurons vary by age and also by the compartments of dendritic arbors. Such variations in the morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons may take part as a basis for normal cognitive and affective differences between the sexes, as well as distinct sensitivity to interfering factors and the prevalence of neuropsychological diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Sex‐specific dendritic morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the adolescent and young adult rats

Yarmohammadi‐Samani,

Vatanparast

2023

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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The therapeutic effects of saikosaponins on depression through the modulation of neuroplasticity: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications

Chen,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Pharmacological Research

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Hypothetical involvement of stress hormones-induced reprograming of adult stem/progenitor cells in tumorigenesis

Kanczkowski,

Sue,

Wlodarczyk

et al. 2024

Explor Endocr Metab Dis

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Stress is a state of threatened or perceived as threatened homeostasis that can be induced by various external and internal stimuli such as psychosocial factors, inflammatory or injurious conditions, and infections. In order to restore body homeostasis, adrenal glands produce and secrete glucocorticoids (GCs) and catecholamines (CAs), which are the main stress hormones that support the survival and adaptation of the organisms to the new environment. In contrast to the rather beneficial impact of acute and short-lasting stress, chronic stress and related dysregulation of the stress system is implicated in the development of many non-communicable diseases, including cancer. Particularly, ever-increasing experimental and clinical evidence implicates the involvement of CAs and GCs as well as the overexpression of their receptors in the activation of the major pathways involved in tumour development, metastasis, and resistance to various therapies. More importantly, results of experimental and epidemiological studies revealed that overexposure to stress hormones during pre- and early postnatal life might induce life-long or even transgenerational dysregulation of the stress system and predispose it to the development of various tumours. Although the exact mechanisms involved in the latter process are not yet fully known, it has been demonstrated that GC-induced epigenetic modifications can change the expression of several key genes involved in the regulation of the stress system, tumour initiation, and epigenetic imprinting. When such alterations occur in stem/progenitor cells (SPCs), this might not only lead to long-term dysfunction of the stress system but might promote the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs). This review article discusses a hypothesis that stress hormones-mediated epigenetic reprograming of various SPCs during sensitive developmental periods, might contribute to their dysfunction and increased sensitivity to malignant transformation, thereby promoting tumorigenesis.

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Inhibition of Hippocampal Neurogenesis Starting in Adolescence Increases Anxiodepressive Behaviors Amid Stress

Cited by 3 publications

References 86 publications

Sex‐specific dendritic morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the adolescent and young adult rats

Sex‐specific dendritic morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons in the adolescent and young adult rats

The therapeutic effects of saikosaponins on depression through the modulation of neuroplasticity: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications

Hypothetical involvement of stress hormones-induced reprograming of adult stem/progenitor cells in tumorigenesis

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