Inhibition of HIV-1 Replication by an Aqueous Extract of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis)

Ayehunie, Seyoum; Belay, Amha; Baba, Timothy W.; Ruprecht, Ruth M.

doi:10.1097/00042560-199805010-00002

Cited by 154 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…our results were also in accordance with those reported by Witvrouw and De Clercq (1997), who emphasized that sulphated polysaccharides were found to be potent and selective inhibitors of HIV-1 replication in cell culture. Moreover, Ayehunine et al (1998) reported that an aqueous extract of S. platensis inhibited HIV-1 replication in human T-cell lines and langerhans cells and their antiviral activity was found in polysaccharides fraction. Our results were confirmed by and coincided with the results reported by Shalaby (2004), where phosphate buffer and water extracts of S. maxima cultivated under different N-conc.…”

Section: Nacl (M)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress enhancement of antioxidant and antiviral efficiency of Spirulina platensis

Shalaby¹,

Shanab²,

Singh³

2010

J. Med. Plants Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cultivation of Spirulina platensis under salt stress conditions (0.02 M as control), 0.04 and 0.08 M NaCl led to a remarkable alteration of algal metabolism as well as an enhancement or induction of biologically active compounds. Concerning algal growth, salt stress caused a decrease in dry weight, chlorophyll a content as well as certain xanthophylls (neoxanthin and violaxanthin) while β-carotene production was stimulated especially at higher salt concentrations. Biochemical analysis of salt stressed algal revealed that lipid content was slightly increased together with certain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids especially the polyunsaturated ones (γ-inolenic acid, omega 3 fatty acid). Electrophoretic analysis of soluble protein pointed out that certain high molecular weight protein bands were not detected comparing with the protein marker. Five new protein bands of molecular weights 190, 158, 113, 77 and 28 KDa were recorded, in addition to an increase in the intensity of 6 already existing bands. Phosphate buffer and water extracts of the algal exhibited antiviral activities against both Hepatitis-A-virus-type-MBB (HAV-MBB strain, RNA virus) and Herpes simplex-virus-type-1 (HSV-1, DNA virus). Water extracts were found to be more effective than phosphate buffer extracts in inducing antiviral activities (98%) especially against HSV-1 virus. The same water extract of the salt stressed algal demonstrated higher anticoagulating activity compared with those of heparin and the positive control measured by clotting time assay. Antioxidant activity of the algal successive extracts against 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis (ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical methods revealed moderate antioxidant activity of the non-polar algal extracts (petroleum ether) which were doubled with increasing extract concentration. The lowest activity was recorded by the partially polar (ethyl acetate) algal extract of both concentrations at all salinity levels. While the polar extracts (ethanol and water) showed higher antioxidant activities which were doubled with increasing extract concentration. Ethanolic algal extract (100 µg/ ml at 0.08 M NaCl) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared with those of the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxy anisol as standard (85.0, 89.9 and 86.0, 91.8% respectively).Key words: Spirulina platensis, antioxidant-antivirus, biochemical studies, salt stress. INTRODUCTIONMany cyanobacteria and micro algae were considered as a natural source of various biologically and pharmacologically active compounds with structurally complex molecules which are difficult or impossible to be *Corresponding author. E-mail: dremad2009@yahoo.com.produced by chemical synthesis (Smith and Doan, 1999). Genus Spirulina has gained an importance and international demand for its high phytonutrients value and pigments which have applications in healthy foods, animal feed, therapeutics and diagnostics (Becker, 1994;Vonshak and Tomaselli, 2000). Spirulina has been used as food and nutritional ...

show abstract

Section: Nacl (M)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress enhancement of antioxidant and antiviral efficiency of Spirulina platensis

Shalaby¹,

Shanab²,

Singh³

2010

J. Med. Plants Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is characterized by 70% protein content and the presence of minerals, vitamins, amino acids, essential fatty acids (Mosulishvili et al, 2004), carbohydrates, essential fatty acids, sterols and blue pigments (phytocyanins), which contribute to increasing the protein and iron availability, and a low content of cholesterol and lipids (Jassby, 1983). Spirulina platensis acts as an immunostimulator (Mosulishvili et al, 2004) and has demonstrated anticarcinogenic (Mathew et al, 1995;Mishima et al, 1998) and antiviral effects (Ayehunie et al, 1998). In addition, certain Spirulina subspecies affect the immune system by enhancing phagocytic activity in macrophages (Jassby, 1988) and inhibiting allergic reactions in rodents (Hayashi et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of spirulina on the number of ovary mast cells in lead‐induced toxicity in rats

Karaca

Şimşek

2006

Phytotherapy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study investigated the protective effect of Spirulina against the lead-induced increase in mast cells in the ovary during the oestrous cycle of rats. In the ovary cortex and medulla of lead-exposed animals, there was a significant increase in the number of mast cells; however, when also treated with Spirulina, a decrease was observed. The number of mast cells when Spirulina (300 mg/kg) was used alone was not significantly different from that of the control group. These results indicate that Spirulina decreases the number of mast cells induced by lead in the cortex and medulla of rat ovary.

show abstract

“…In some countries in Asia and Africa where the population daily consumes Spirulina (=Arthrospira), a blue alga, a low incidence of infection with HIV-1 (AIDS) has been noticed (Ayehunie et al, 1998). These studies also showed that these algae have the property of stimulating the immune response (Teas et al, 2004).…”

Section: Seaweed Natural Products: a Brief Presentation Of Promising mentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase: a potential target for marine products

Miceli¹,

Souza²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) is a therapeutic target for the treatment of HIV-positive individuals or those already showing AIDS symptoms. In this perspective, the identifi cation of new inhibitors for this enzyme is of great importance in view of the growing viral resistance to the existing treatments. This resistance has compromised the quality of life of those infected with multidrug-resistant strains, whose treatment options are already limited, putting at risk these individuals lives. The literature has recognized marine organisms and their products as natural sources for the identifi cation of new therapeutic options for different pathologies. In this brief review, we consider the structure of HIV-1 RT and its most common inhibitors, as well as some marine diterpenes originally reported as HIV-1 RT inhibitors to encourage the identifi cation and development of new marine antiviral prototypes.

show abstract

Inhibition of HIV-1 Replication by an Aqueous Extract of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis)

Cited by 154 publications

References 19 publications

Salt stress enhancement of antioxidant and antiviral efficiency of Spirulina platensis

Salt stress enhancement of antioxidant and antiviral efficiency of Spirulina platensis

Effects of spirulina on the number of ovary mast cells in lead‐induced toxicity in rats

HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase: a potential target for marine products

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About