Inhibition of human neutrophil bacteriocidal activity by extracellular substance from slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis

Noble, Michael A.; Reid, P. E.; Park, Carol M.; Chan, Vivian Y.H.

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(86)90074-x

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This was in agreement with data from the literature [13,14,20,27]. A reduction in the killing of coagulase-negative Staphylococci by human PMN was similarly found in the presence of slime [16,19]. Under our experimental conditions, the decrease in phagocytosis amounted to 38%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Decreased neutrophil bactericidal activity during phagocytosis of a slime-producingStaphylococcus aureusstrain

et al. 2000

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-Phagocytosis and intracellular killing by bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) are important host defence mechanisms against mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. We compared the phagocytosis and overall killing of a non slime-producing (NSP) S. aureus and its slime-producing (SP) variant by blood PMN, using an in vitro bacteriological assay. Seven clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in mid-lactation stage were used for this purpose. The percentages of overall killing for the NSP and SP variant were 34 ± 3% and 21 ± 4% (P < 0.05) and the corresponding percentages of phagocytosis were 40 ± 4% and 31 ± 4%, respectively. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.79; P < 0.001) was found between phagocytosis and overall killing. These results suggest that the presence of slime was responsible for a decreased phagocytic ingestion and overall killing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Decreased neutrophil bactericidal activity during phagocytosis of a slime-producingStaphylococcus aureusstrain

et al. 2000

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“…group did find that S. epidermidis incubated for 18 h on a catheter surface to promote elaboration of slime was more resistant to phagocytosis than organisms grown for 2 h in broth (88), confirming the general principle that bacteria on a solid surface are more resistant to phagocytosis than freely suspended or planktonic organisms (87,144). Noble et al have also described slime factors that appear to be inhibitory to the bactericidal activities of neutrophils (136,137).…”

Section: Sources Of Microorganisms Causing Infusion-related Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 58%

Pathogenesis of infections related to intravascular catheterization

1993

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Over the past few decades, there have been major technological improvements in the manufacture of intravenous solutions and the manufacture and design of catheter materials. However, the risk of infection in patients receiving infusion therapy remains substantial, in part because of host factors (for example, increased use of immunosuppressive therapy, more aggressive surgery and life support, and improved survival at the extremes of life) and in part because of the availability of catheters that can be left in place for very long periods. Microbial components of normal skin flora, particularly coagulase-negative staphylococci, have emerged as the predominant pathogens in catheter-associated infections. Therefore, efforts to prevent skin microorganisms from entering the catheter wound (such as tunnelling of catheters and use of catheter cuffs and local antimicrobial agents) are logical and relatively effective. The specific properties of microorganisms that transform normally harmless commensals such as coagulase-negative staphylococci into formidable pathogens in the presence of a plastic foreign body are being explored. For example, Staphylococcus epidermidis elaborates a polysaccharide adhesin that also functions as a capsule and is a target for opsonic killing. However, the interactions between microorganism and catheter that lead to adherence, persistence, infection, and dissemination appear to be multifactorial.

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“…Several investigators have confirmed the presence of an extracellular polysaccharide matrix, called glycocalyx or slime, which is associated with adherence and accumulative growth on smooth surfaces and inhibition of host defenses (5,7,8,13,15,18,22,25,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lack of mecA transcription in slime-negative phase variants of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Mempel

Ziebuhr

Endres

et al. 1994

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Five phase variants (PV1 to PV5) of the well-characterized, slime-producing, methicillin-resistant, pathogenic strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis sensu strictu RP62A (ATCC 35984) were isolated by the Congo red agar method. In comparison with the parent strain, the phase variants showed a different colonial morphology on Congo red agar, a strongly reduced adherence capacity, and decreased levels of resistance to methicillin, oxacillin, and penicillin. All phase variants yielded biochemical reaction patterns and profiles in pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identical to those of parent strain RP62A, indicating a common origin. All phase variants proved to have the capacity to shift back to the original phenotype of parent strain RP62A. A search for the resistance mechanisms of strain RP62A revealed P-lactamase production and the presence of mecA in PV1 to PV5 as well as parent strain RP62A. In Northem blots of total staphylococcal RNA, the phase variants showed no detectable mecA-specific transcription product, whereas parent strain RP62A revealed a strong signal, indicating that mecA transcription is not the mechanism responsible for the decreased methicillin resistance phenotype of phase variants PV1 to PV5.Staphylococcus epidermidis is recognized with increasing frequency as an opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen, particularly in association with infections of prosthetic devices and intravascular catheters. Several investigators have confirmed the presence of an extracellular polysaccharide matrix, called glycocalyx or slime, which is associated with adherence and accumulative growth on smooth surfaces and inhibition of host defenses (5,7,8,13,15,18,22,25,27).Many studies have suggested that slime production is one of the most important virulence factors in the pathogenicity of S. epidermidis (3,6,11,19,20,35). This adherence capacity is known to differ spontaneously among variants of the same parent strain (2-4, 9, 10). Christensen and coworkers (3) recently showed that slime production by S. epidermidis is not a stable phenomenon but undergoes phase variation. The ability to express different slime-producing phenotypes could provide the staphylococci with a greater degree of flexibility for colonizing a range of environments (2,3,9).Using a high-salt (6.5%), low-glucose medium (Memphis agar) for the detection of phenotypic variation, Christensen et al. (3) described phase variants RP62NA of the well-characterized strain RP62A (ATCC 35984). In comparison with the parent strain, the phase variants differed in their colonial morphologies and showed decreased levels of slime production and diminished virulence in a foreign body-associated model of endocarditis. Furthermore, the slime-negative phase variants that were isolated showed a remarkable increase in their susceptibilities to penicillin and oxacillin. This was determined by measuring in agar diffusion tests the mean zone of inhibition of the slime-negative phase variants compared with that of the parent strain, which is resistant to these antibiotics (3...

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Inhibition of human neutrophil bacteriocidal activity by extracellular substance from slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Decreased neutrophil bactericidal activity during phagocytosis of a slime-producingStaphylococcus aureusstrain

Decreased neutrophil bactericidal activity during phagocytosis of a slime-producingStaphylococcus aureusstrain

Pathogenesis of infections related to intravascular catheterization

Lack of mecA transcription in slime-negative phase variants of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

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