Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase in persistent pain

Analgesic effects and possible mechanisms of iridoid glycosides from Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo in rats with spared nerve injury

“…iNOS is normally present in macrophages and inflammatory cells. Moreover, the release of iNOS is closely linked with inflammatory pain caused by Carrageenan (Budziñski et al, 2000) and neuropathic pain caused by the SNI model (Sakaue et al, 2001). Furthermore, there have been reports that iNOS contributes to mechanical hypersensitivity caused by chronic neurological injury of the sciatic nerve (De Alba et al, 2006).…”

Sensory and Signaling Mechanisms of Bradykinin, Eicosanoids, Platelet-Activating Factor, and Nitric Oxide in Peripheral Nociceptors

“…Support for a more general, peripheral antinociceptive role of NO was first obtained when locally applied NO donors and the NO precursor L-arginine inhibited mechanical hyperalgesia in the rat hindpaw induced by PGE 2 and carrageenan, respectively, and these actions were diminished by a GC inhibitor and potentiated by a blocker of the cGMPspecific isoform of PDE (124, 164,191). Intraplantar injection of an iNOS inhibitor enhanced the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan (72). In carrageenan-induced rat paw inflammation, an increase in nNOS activity (in both phases) and appearance of iNOS activity (in the late phase) were revealed along with enhanced levels of NO metabolites (nitrite/nitrate) in the paw exudate (109,266,550,624,729).…”

Calibrated Forceps: A Sensitive and Reliable Tool for Pain and Analgesia Studies

“…2,11 Because of the stress of the procedure, Randall-Selitto tests can show high variability and thus necessitate a great number of rats (Ն6) and intensive training to reach significant differences between groups. 1,29 Our study suggests that these difficulties are less present with the calibrated forceps, so that it is possible to design studies with fewer rats per group, rapidly trained before experimental onset.…”