Inhibition of interleukin-1β-stimulated matrix metalloproteinases via the controlled release of interleukin-1Ra from chitosan microspheres in chondrocytes

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine whether the controlled release of interleukin (IL)-1Ra from chitosan (CS) microspheres inhibits the IL-1β-stimulated production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in chondrocytes. The CS-IL-1Ra microspheres were fabricated by an emulsification method using sodium tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker, and the controlled release of IL-1Ra was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-1β was added to normal rat chondrocytes to stimulate MMP production. The chondrocytes were incubated with CS-IL-1Ra microspheres to assess its effects on IL-1β-induced MMP expression. Chondrocyte proliferation and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content were also determined. The mRNA expression and protein levels of IL-1β, MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13 were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses, respectively. The IL-1Ra release kinetics were characterized by an initial burst release, which was reduced to a linear release over seven days. The mRNA expression levels and protein levels of IL-1β, MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13 were reduced compared with the control group. The present study demonstrated the chondroprotective properties of CS microspheres as a controlled release system carrying IL-1Ra, due to the ability of the system to downregulate the expression of osteoarthritis-associated matrix-degrading proteinases in chondrocytes.

Men and Women Differ in the Biochemical Composition of Platelet-Rich Plasma

“…IRAP is a competitive antagonist to the proinflammatory effects of IL-1 that works by binding to the IL-1 receptor. 52,75,78 This is just one example of the checks and balances within the cytokine milieu that further complicates the attribution of PRP effects to one or a few factors.…”

Spinacia oleracea extract attenuates disease progression and sub-chondral bone changes in monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis in rats

“…Articular cartilage tissues were obtained from knee joints of healthy SD rats [ 27 ]. Articular cartilage was disinfected by antibiotics and further washed with PBS before using for explant culture.…”

Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of two platelet-rich gel supernatants in an in vitro system of cartilage inflammation

“…On the other hand, IL-1ra is a natural antagonist of IL-1 effects, because it blocks the cellular receptors necessary for inducing joint inflammation and cartilage catabolism mediated by this last cytokine [12].…”