2021
DOI: 10.20307/nps.2021.27.4.251
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Inhibition of Interleukin-4 and β-Hexosaminidase Release in RBL-2H3 Cells by Compounds Isolated from Lobelia chinensis

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“…The suggested mechanisms underlying adverse actions of VINP include: swelling of mitochondria in axons intracellularly, leading to the release of calcium ions and apoptosis; increased substance P levels in the spinal cord ( Chiba et al, 2022 ); an involvement of altered adenosine signaling in pain transmission ( Zhou et al, 2022 ); increased release of substances (TNF-α, an adipocytokine, interleukin-1 [IL-1] and IL-6 (cytokines) and NO in glial cells, macrophages, and Langerhans cells); downregulation of IL-10 in the spinal dorsal horn; increased NOS in the spinal cord dorsal horn, increased 5-HT2A receptors in dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion neurons; increased ROS, which affect serine protease activity and decrease endorphins in the spinal cord as well as the dorsal root ganglion; and increased serine proteinase that inactivates endorphins ( Thibault et al, 2008 ; Addington and Freimer, 2016 ). Administration of 5,7-DMC reversed the decreased tail withdrawal latency caused by VCR, and this accords with other studies on VCR in combination with other agents ( Khan et al, 2019 ; Akbar et al, 2020 ; Kim T. Y. et al, 2021 ), implying that 5,7-DMC has successfully reversed thermal hyperalgesia. The positive control, gabapentin, induced robust effects against thermal hyperalgesia, which is supported by several studies in rodents ( Singh et al, 2019 ; Khan et al, 2021 ; Khan et al, 2022 ), suggesting that 5,7-DMC has comparable analgesic effects to gabapentin and might be used for VINP.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…The suggested mechanisms underlying adverse actions of VINP include: swelling of mitochondria in axons intracellularly, leading to the release of calcium ions and apoptosis; increased substance P levels in the spinal cord ( Chiba et al, 2022 ); an involvement of altered adenosine signaling in pain transmission ( Zhou et al, 2022 ); increased release of substances (TNF-α, an adipocytokine, interleukin-1 [IL-1] and IL-6 (cytokines) and NO in glial cells, macrophages, and Langerhans cells); downregulation of IL-10 in the spinal dorsal horn; increased NOS in the spinal cord dorsal horn, increased 5-HT2A receptors in dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion neurons; increased ROS, which affect serine protease activity and decrease endorphins in the spinal cord as well as the dorsal root ganglion; and increased serine proteinase that inactivates endorphins ( Thibault et al, 2008 ; Addington and Freimer, 2016 ). Administration of 5,7-DMC reversed the decreased tail withdrawal latency caused by VCR, and this accords with other studies on VCR in combination with other agents ( Khan et al, 2019 ; Akbar et al, 2020 ; Kim T. Y. et al, 2021 ), implying that 5,7-DMC has successfully reversed thermal hyperalgesia. The positive control, gabapentin, induced robust effects against thermal hyperalgesia, which is supported by several studies in rodents ( Singh et al, 2019 ; Khan et al, 2021 ; Khan et al, 2022 ), suggesting that 5,7-DMC has comparable analgesic effects to gabapentin and might be used for VINP.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%