Inhibition of Iodine Organification and Regulation of Follicular Size in Rat Thyroid Tissue In Vitro

Glaser, Christine; Marti, Ulrich; Burgi-Saville, M. E.; Ruchti, C; Gebauer, Mathias; Büchler, Markus W.; Gerber, H; Bürgi, U; Peter, H J

doi:10.1385/endo:11:2:165

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…XB130 is involved in cAMP-dependent potentiation of IGF-1-induced DNA synthesis in rat FRTL-5 thyroid cells [28]. Angiogenesis is essential for all tissue growth and occurs in the thyroid under goitrogenic stimulation [29][30][31]. Presumably, the stimulatory activity of TSH receptors occurs primarily on thyrocytes, which may themselves secrete factors that stimulate angiogenesis locally.…”

Section: Thyroid Gland Growth and Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroidal Transcriptomic Profiles of Pathoadaptive Responses to Congenital Hypothyroidism in XB130 Knockout Mice

Sugihara

Wong

Shimizu

et al. 2022

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Congenital hypothyroidism is a genetic condition in which the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormone (TH), resulting in metabolic dysfunction and growth retardation. Xb130−/− mice exhibit perturbations of thyrocyte cytoskeleton and polarity, and develop postnatal transient growth retardation due to congenital hypothyroidism, leading ultimately to multinodular goiter. To determine the underlying mechanisms, we performed transcriptomic analyses on thyroid glands of mice at three age points: week 2 (W2, before visible growth retardation), W4 (at the nadir of growth); and W12 (immediately before full growth recovery). Using gene set enrichment analysis, we compared a defined set of thyroidal genes between Xb130+/+ and Xb130−/− mice to identify differentially enriched gene clusters. At the earliest postnatal stage (W2), the thyroid glands of Xb130−/− mice exhibited significantly downregulated gene clusters related to cellular metabolism, which continued to W4. Additionally, mutant thyroids at W4 and W12 showed upregulated gene clusters related to extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. At W12, despite nearly normal levels of serum TH and TSH and body size, a significantly large number of gene clusters related to inflammatory response were upregulated. Early postnatal TH deficiency may suppress cellular metabolism within the thyroid gland itself. Upregulation of genes related to extracellular matrix and angiogenesis may promote subsequent thyroid growth. Chronic inflammatory responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of multinodular goiter in later life. Some of the pathoadaptive responses of Xb130−/− mice may overlap with those from other mutations causing congenital hypothyroidism.

show abstract

Section: Thyroid Gland Growth and Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroidal Transcriptomic Profiles of Pathoadaptive Responses to Congenital Hypothyroidism in XB130 Knockout Mice

Sugihara

Wong

Shimizu

et al. 2022

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One tissue engineering approach to this problem is to encapsulate the follicles. Microencapsulation has been used to provide structural support for a variety of tissues such as pancreatic islets [8] and thyroid follicles [9]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium alginate microencapsulation of ovarian follicles impacts FSH delivery and follicle morphology

Heise

Koepsel

Russell

et al. 2005

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: We have previously shown that suspension culture prevents follicle flattening and maintains three-dimensional follicle architecture better than culture on flat plates. However, many of the follicles cultured in suspension do eventually rupture, as basement membrane integrity is lost and the three-dimensional structure of the follicle is altered. Therefore, the objective of this study is to support three-dimensional follicle architecture during in vitro growth of ovarian follicles through encapsulation in calcium alginate, while maintaining responsiveness to FSH stimulation.

show abstract

Update on Intrathyroidal Iodine Metabolism

Dunn

Dunn²

2001

Thyroid

160

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The thyroid concentrates iodide from the serum and oxidizes it at the apical membrane, attaching it to tyrosyl residues within thyroglobulin (Tg) to make diiodotyrosine and monoiodotyrosine. Major players in this process are Tg, thyroperoxidase (TPO), hydrogen peroxide, pendrin, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Further action of TPO, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and iodinated Tg produce thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Hormone-containing Tg is stored in the follicular lumen, then processed, most commonly by micropinocytosis. The lysosomal enzymes cathepsins B, L, and D are active in Tg proteolysis. Tg digestion leaves T4 and T3 intact, to be released from the cell, while the 3,5'-diiodotyrosine (DIT) and 3-iodotyrosine (MIT) are retained and deiodinated for recycling within the thyroid. Some areas of especially active recent research include: (1) the role of molecular chaperones in directing properly folded TPO and Tg to the apical membrane; (2) details of proteolytic pathways; (3) modulation of iodine metabolism, not only by thyrotropin (TSH) but by iodine supply and by feedback effects of Tg, glutathione, and inhibitory elements in the N-terminal region of Tg; and (4) details of Tg structure and iodotyrosyl coupling. Despite general agreement on the major steps in intrathyroidal iodine metabolism, new details of mechanisms are constantly being uncovered and are greatly improving understanding of the overall process.

show abstract

Inhibition of Iodine Organification and Regulation of Follicular Size in Rat Thyroid Tissue In Vitro

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Thyroidal Transcriptomic Profiles of Pathoadaptive Responses to Congenital Hypothyroidism in XB130 Knockout Mice

Thyroidal Transcriptomic Profiles of Pathoadaptive Responses to Congenital Hypothyroidism in XB130 Knockout Mice

Calcium alginate microencapsulation of ovarian follicles impacts FSH delivery and follicle morphology

Update on Intrathyroidal Iodine Metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About