Inhibition of Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation and Oxidative Burst in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils by Caffeic Acid and Hispidin Derivatives Isolated from Sword Brake Fern (Pteris ensiformis Burm.)

Abstract

Several antioxidant compounds have been previously identified from sword brake fern (Pteris ensiformis Burm.) by DPPH bleaching and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) analyses. Among the isolates, 7-O-caffeoylhydroxymaltol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and hispidin 4-O-beta- D-glucopyranoside [6-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-4-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-2-pyrone] were two new compounds. The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible effect of the aqueous extract of sword brake fern (SBF) and these two compounds in preventing atherosclerosis. The results demonstrated that SBF and these two compounds strongly inhibited Cu2+-mediated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances assay (TBARS), conjugated diene production, and relative electrophoretic mobility. The commercial antioxidant dl-alpha-tocopherol showed lower antioxidant activity than these two compounds at the same molecular concentration. SBF and these two compounds also suppressed N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP)-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). These findings indicate that sword brake fern may prevent atherosclerosis via inhibition of both LDL oxidation and ROS production.

Addition of Strawberries to the Usual Diet Decreases Resting Chemiluminescence of Fasting Blood in Healthy Subjects—Possible Health-Promoting Effect of These Fruits Consumption

“…Similarly, the highest mean plasma caffeic acid concentration after intake of fruits was about 21 times lower than those attenuating fMLP-induced ROS production by human PMNs, as evaluated with luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence in vitro [15]. Mean plasma levels of homovanillic acid ranged between 0.18 and 0.30 μmol/L over the study period.…”

“…Thus, one may expect that strawberry-induced suppression of plasma IL-1β and IL-6 can result in decreased ROS production by blood phagocytes. In addition, numerous plant polyphenols and their metabolites including those present in strawberries can directly inhibit ROS release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) as evaluated with luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence in vitro [14,15]. Therefore, it is possible that strawberry consumption can decrease ROS production in circulating blood and thus diminish the intensity of systemic oxidative stress.…”

“…The leukotriene synthesis is accompanied by increased ROS production and 5-lipooxygenase inhibitor decreased luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence of PMNs in the model of endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation in rats [36]. Caffeic acid and caffeic acid 7-Ocaffeoylhydroxymaltol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside inhibited fMLP-stimulated ROS release from human PMNs in vitro with IC50 of 3.1 and 11.2 μmol/L, respectively [15]. In addition, homovanillic acid at the concentration of 10 μmol/L inhibited by about one fifth the fMLP-induced chemiluminescence of these cells in vitro [14].…”

Styrylpyrone-class compounds from medicinal fungi Phellinus and Inonotus spp., and their medicinal importance

“…17 Equisetumpyrone (59), a styrylpyrone glucoside in gametophytes from Equisetum arvense, differs in the oxygenation pattern of its pyrone ring from the fungal styrylpyrones, which are never oxygenated at (60), an inhibitor of both low-density lipoprotein oxidation and ROS production, is glycosylated at C-4 ( Figure 11). 68 In Phellinus and Inonotus spp., however, no glycosides of styrylpyrones have been found. Thus, it appears that styrylpyrones originating from plants and fungi are biosynthesized from a similar pathway, but possess different structural features, possibly due to environmental differences.…”

A review of the use of pteridophytes for treating human ailments

“…2c) (Ripa et al, 2009), Cheilanthes anceps Swartz (Chowdhary et al, 2010), Pteris ensiformis Burm. Wei et al, 2007), P. multifida (Shyur et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2009a), P. tripartita (Baskaran and Jeyachandran, 2010), Dicranopteris linearis (Fig. 2d) (Zakaria et al, 2011), and Drynaria quercifolia (Fig.…”