Inhibition of LPS induced neurochemical imbalance and oxidative stress by pigmented and non-pigmented rice bran extracts

Abstract

This study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of the pigmented and non‐pigmented rice bran extract, against LPS induced neurotransmitter imbalance and oxidative stress markers. Male wistar rats were orally supplemented with 2% ethanolic rice bran extracts daily for two weeks. On the last day of experiment, rats were challenged intraperitoneally (i.p) with LPS for 4 hr. LPS exposure resulted in the elevation of malondialdehyde and nitrite levels, decreased GSH, increased antioxidant enzymes activity and led to imbalance in neurotransmitters, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin and their metabolites 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic levels and acetylcholinesterase activity. Pre‐treatment with rice bran extracts significantly attenuated LPS induced oxidative stress by improving the antioxidant systems, acetylcholinesterase activity and neurotransmitters imbalance with the higher potency for pigmented bran extracts. The findings suggest the possibility of utilization of pigmented bran extract for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases and promote the overall good health of the brain. Practical application Present study provides the current evidence for the neuroprotective efficacy of bran extracts from pigmented and non‐pigmented rice. These findings indicate the beneficial effects of pre‐treatment of rice bran extracts on LPS induced oxidative stress and neurochemical imbalance by improvement in the antioxidant machinery and neurotransmitters level. This study emphasizes the possibility of utilization of pigmented bran extract as a food ingredient to improve the overall brain health.

Kinetics of acetylcholinesterase inhibition by hemp seed protein‐derived peptides

“…This abberant brain and neurotransmission condition leads to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis (Li et al, 2015;Willcox, Scapagnini, & Willcox, 2014) that contributes to increased global morbidity/mortality rate (US Burden of Disease Collaborators, 2013). The high catalytic efficiency (CE) of AChE and the importance of its inhibition in AD management has been an important research focus in the development of various therapeutic agents (Acharya, Dutta, Chaudhury, & De, 2018;Li et al, 2015;Olarewaju et al, 2018;Saravanaraman, Chinnadurai, & Boopathy, 2014;Taslimi & Gulçin, 2018;Yadav & Appukuttan, 2019;Yatesa et al, 2019;Zare-Zardini, Tolueinia, Hashemi, Ebrahimi, & Fesahat, 2013). Several synthetic AChE-inhibitory drugs have been developed for use against neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia and AD; however, these drugs are associated with severe negative side effects (Ghribia, Ghouilaa, Omrib, Besbesb, & Janneta, 2014;Iannello et al, 2014;Kumar & Chowdhury, 2014).…”