Inhibition of Mantoux Reaction by Direct Suggestion under Hypnosis

Black, Stephen M.; Humphrey, John; Niven, Janet S. F.

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5346.1642-b

Cited by 72 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…It has for instance been suggested, that hypnosis reduces the clinical signs of inflammation after tuberculin injection [31], presumably due to increased parasympathetic activity after hypnosis [32,33]. Furthermore, there are several case reports of hemiplegic patients that do not develop arthritis or lose arthritis activity on the affected side [34,35].…”

Section: Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathogenesis Disease Characteristics mentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing the autonomic nervous system to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis

et al. 2017

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Imbalance in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has been observed in many established chronic autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is a prototypic immune‐mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). We recently discovered that autonomic dysfunction precedes and predicts arthritis development in subjects at risk of developing seropositive RA. In addition, RA patients with relatively high vagus nerve tone (higher parasympathetic parameters, measured by heart rate variability) respond better to antirheumatic therapies. Together, these data suggest that the ANS may control inflammation in humans. This notion is supported by experimental studies in animal models of RA. We have found that stimulation of the so‐called cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway by efferent electrical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) or pharmacological activation of the alpha7 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR) improves clinical signs and symptoms of arthritis, reduces cytokine production and protects against progressive joint destruction. Conversely, increased arthritis activity was observed in alpha7nAChR knockout mice. These studies together with previous work in animal models of sepsis and other forms of inflammation provided the rationale for an experimental clinical trial in patients with RA. We could for the first time show that an implantable vagus nerve stimulator inhibits peripheral blood cytokine production in humans. VNS significantly inhibited TNF and IL‐6 production and improved RA disease severity, even in some patients with therapy‐resistant disease. This work strongly supports further studies using a bioelectronic approach to treat RA and other IMIDs.

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Section: Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathogenesis Disease Characteristics mentioning

confidence: 99%

Balancing the autonomic nervous system to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis

et al. 2017

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“…The treatment phase consisted of 12, 30-minute visits for patients receiving HT or supportive therapy and only 4 visits, to dispense medication, for the patients randomized to medical treatment ( Figure 1). Patients were assessed at baseline (week 0) and at weeks 4,8,16,28, and 56 by an independent blind assessor, who was unaware of the treatment randomization. Patients were specifically instructed about the importance of the assessor remaining blind to treatment and were told to avoid mentioning their treatment modality to the assessor and subsequently, during follow-up, to their physicians.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 HT is commonly considered a purely psychotherapeutic intervention; not as well appreciated is the fact that it can also modify processes not usually considered as being under conscious control. 15,16 HT has also been demonstrated to have the capacity to normalize visceral sensitivity and modulate motility in the gastrointestinal system. 17,18 The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of HT compared with supportive therapy coupled with placebo medication or with medical management in the shortand long-term treatment of FD.…”

Section: Background and Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term improvement in functional dyspepsia using hypnotherapy

Calvert¹,

Houghton²,

Cooper³

et al. 2002

Gastroenterology

228

164

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“…Although mitotic figures have been reported (17), mitoses were not seen in our biopsies, and in the transfer reaction in rabbits it has been shown that 70 to 80% of the infiltrating cells are of host and not of donor origin (32). Of great interest also are the findings of Black, Humphrey, and Niven (33) that the abolition of the delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction to tuberculin by posthypnotic suggestion was not due to absence of infiltrating lymphoid cells but to failure of development of the increased vascular permeability and edema normally present. It seems, therefore, that although the normal lymphocyte transfer reaction is initiated by an immune response, the resulting measurable lesion may be greatly determined by nonimmunologic host factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

The application of the normal lymphocyte transfer reaction to histocompatibility testing in man.

Carpenter¹,

Glassock²,

Gleason³

et al. 1966

J. Clin. Invest.

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Recent advances in human kidney transplantation have brought the need for a more careful analysis and understanding of histocompatibility in man. The results of human renal allografting indicate that although parents or siblings are the best donors, grafts from unrelated donors occasionally survive for prolonged periods (1), presumably due to chance compatibility. A means for measuring histocompatibility in man is, therefore, needed. To this end, a number of experimental approaches have been proposed, namely leukoagglutination (2-4) and lymphocytotoxic serotyping (5, 6) of tissue antigens; interaction of allogeneic lymphocytes in vitro (7-9); cross reactions in skin transplantation, the so-called third man test ( 10); skin reactions produced by lymphocytes in irradiated hamsters (11); and the normal lymphocyte transfer reaction (NLT). This latter phenomenon, described by Brent and Medawar (12) in the guinea pig, is a result of the transfer of viable peripheral blood lymphocytes from one individual to an intradermal site in another individual. The immunologically competent cells are presumably able to react in a graft vs. host fashion against the histocompatibility antigens in the dermis of the cell recipient, forming a reaction that is expressed as an inflammatory nodule in the skin, reaching its peak approximately 48 hours after inoculation. In the guinea pig the intensity of the reaction was shown to cor-

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Inhibition of Mantoux Reaction by Direct Suggestion under Hypnosis

Cited by 72 publications

References 1 publication

Balancing the autonomic nervous system to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis

Balancing the autonomic nervous system to reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis

Long-term improvement in functional dyspepsia using hypnotherapy

The application of the normal lymphocyte transfer reaction to histocompatibility testing in man.

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