Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by normal human saliva.

Clark, Ada R.; Hafiz, S

doi:10.1136/sti.55.1.20

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, more recent studies have detected a-amylase in dental plaque by immunochemical (DiPaola et al, 1984), enzymatic, and electrophoretic methods (Birkhed and Skude, 1978). The enzyme has also been found to inhibit the growth of several species of bacteria, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Mellersh et al, 1979) and Legionella pneumophila (Bortner et al, 1983). More extensive work in the latter study suggested that amylase may unmask substances in starch-containing media that are toxic for these pathogens.…”

Section: A-amylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva-Bacterium Interactions in Oral Microbial Ecology

Scannapieco

1994

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

286

250

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Saliva is thought to have a significant impact on the colonization of microorganisms in the oral cavity. Salivary components may participate in this process by one of four general mechanisms: binding to microorganisms to facilitate their clearance from the oral cavity, serving as receptors in oral pellicles for microbial adhesion to host surfaces, inhibiting microbial growth or mediating microbial killing, and serving as microbial nutritional substrates. This article reviews information pertinent to the molecular interaction of salivary components with bacteria (primarily the oral streptococci and Actinomyces) and explores the implications of these interactions for oral bacterial colonization and dental plaque formation. Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms controlling bacterial colonization of the oral cavity may suggest methods to prevent not only dental plaque formation but also serious medical infections that may follow microbial colonization of the oral cavity.

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Section: A-amylasementioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva-Bacterium Interactions in Oral Microbial Ecology

Scannapieco

1994

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

286

250

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“…Saliva fulfills the latter function by virtue of its antimicrobial activity (9,10) and by promoting selective microbial clearance or adherence (11)(12)(13)(14). The diverse functions attributed to saliva are allocated among its many components, which include amylases, cystatins, proline-rich proteins, proline-rich glycoproteins, carbonic anhydrases, peroxidases, statherins, histatins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, sIgA, mucins, and salivary agglutinin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Agglutinin, Which Binds Streptococcus mutansand Helicobacter pylori, Is the Lung Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-rich Protein gp-340

Prakobphol¹,

Xu²,

Hoang³

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

201

220

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Salivary agglutinin is a high molecular mass component of human saliva that binds Streptococcus mutans, an oral bacterium implicated in dental caries. To study its protein sequence, we isolated the agglutinin from human parotid saliva. After trypsin digestion, a portion was analyzed by matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), which gave the molecular mass of 14 unique peptides. The remainder of the digest was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography, and the separated peptides were analyzed by MALDI-TOF/post-source decay; the spectra gave the sequences of five peptides. The molecular mass and peptide sequence information showed that salivary agglutinin peptides were identical to sequences in lung (lavage) gp-340, a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich protein family. Immunoblotting with antibodies that specifically recognized either lung gp-340 or the agglutinin confirmed that the salivary agglutinin was gp-340. Immunoblotting with an antibody specific to the sialyl Le x carbohydrate epitope detected expression on the salivary but not the lung glycoprotein, possible evidence of different glycoforms. The salivary agglutinin also interacted with Helicobacter pylori, implicated in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, Streptococcus agalactiae, implicated in neonatal meningitis, and several oral commensal streptococci. These results identify the salivary agglutinin as gp-340 and suggest it binds bacteria that are important determinants of either the oral ecology or systemic diseases.

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“…However, evidence obtained over the last several years has shown that a-amylase has a heretofore overlooked bacterial interactive function. For example, a-amylase can directly inhibit the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Mellersh et al, 1979), whereas Legionella pneumophila appears to be inhibited by substances in starch-containing culture media that are enzymatically unmasked by the enzyme (Bortner et al, 1983). a-Amylase also binds specifically with high affinity to several numerically prominent species of oral streptococci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary α-Amylase: Role in Dental Plaque and Caries Formation

Scannapieco

Torres

Levine

1993

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

238

163

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Salivary a-amylase, one of the most plentiful components in human saliva, has at least three distinct biological functions. The enzymatic activity of a-amylase undoubtedly plays a role in carbohydrate digestion. Amylase in solution binds with high affinity to a selected group of oral streptococci, a function that may contribute to bacterial clearance and nutrition. The fact that a-amylase is also found in acquired enamel pellicle suggests a role in the adhesion of a-amylase-binding bacteria. All of these biological activities seem to depend on an intact enzyme conformation. Binding of a-amylase to bacteria and teeth may have important implications for dental plaque and caries formation. a-Amylase bound to bacteria in plaque may facilitate dietary starch hydrolysis to provide additional glucose for metabolism by plaque microorganisms in close proximity to the tooth surface. The resulting lactic acid produced may be added to the pool of acid in plaque to contribute to tooth demineralization.

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Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by normal human saliva.

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

Saliva-Bacterium Interactions in Oral Microbial Ecology

Saliva-Bacterium Interactions in Oral Microbial Ecology

Salivary Agglutinin, Which Binds Streptococcus mutansand Helicobacter pylori, Is the Lung Scavenger Receptor Cysteine-rich Protein gp-340

Salivary α-Amylase: Role in Dental Plaque and Caries Formation

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