Inhibition of pilocarpine-induced salivation in rats by central noradrenaline

Moreira, Thiago dos Santos; Takakura, Ana C.; Luca, Laurival A. De; Renzi, Antonio; Menani, José Vanderlei

doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(02)00031-6

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Although pilocarpine-induced salivation is suggested to depend on activation of central mechanisms (Moreira et al, 2001(Moreira et al, , 2002Takakura et al, 2003Takakura et al, , 2009Borella et al, 2008), similar to a previous study (Inenaga et al, 2008) no increase in the number of c-fos immunoreactive cells in the salivary nuclei of the brainstem was found in the present study (data not shown). In addition, we found no evidence in the literature suggesting that peripheral pilocarpineinduced salivation involves the activation of the salivary nuclei in the brainstem.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Central mechanisms involved in pilocarpine-induced pressor response

Takakura

Moreira

Borella

et al. 2011

Autonomic Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pilocarpine (cholinergic muscarinic agonist) injected peripherally may act centrally to produce pressor responses; in the present study, using c-fos immunoreactive expression, we investigated the forebrain and brainstem areas activated by pressor doses of intravenous (i.v.) pilocarpine. In addition, the importance of vasopressin secretion and/or sympathetic activation and the effects of lesions in the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) region in awake rats were also investigated. In male Holtzman rats, pilocarpine (0.04 to 4μmol/kg b.w.) i.v. induced transitory hypotension followed by long lasting hypertension. Sympathetic blockade with prazosin (1mg/kg b.w.) i.v. or AV3V lesions (1 day) almost abolished the pressor response to i.v. pilocarpine (2μmol/kg b.w.), whereas the vasopressin antagonist (10μg/kg b.w.) i.v. reduced the response to pilocarpine. Pilocarpine (2 and 4μmol/kg b.w.) i.v. increased the number of c-fos immunoreactive cells in the subfornical organ, paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus, organ vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract and caudal and rostral ventrolateral medulla. These data suggest that i.v. pilocarpine activates specific forebrain and brainstem mechanisms increasing sympathetic activity and vasopressin secretion to induce pressor response.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Central mechanisms involved in pilocarpine-induced pressor response

Takakura

Moreira

Borella

et al. 2011

Autonomic Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Salivation is controlled by the autonomic nervous system not only by direct activation of salivary gland receptors but also by activation of brain mechanisms (36)(37)(38)(39). Moreover, it has been reported that atropine, a muscarinic antagonist, injected intracerebroventricularly reduced the salivation induced by pilocarpine, a muscarinic agonist, injected ip, suggesting that pilocarpine enters the brain and acts on central muscarinic receptors, activating autonomic efferents to induce salivation (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Salivary Secretion by Activation of Cannabinoid Receptors

Prestifilippo

Fernández‐Solari

Cal

et al. 2006

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is known that marijuana use decreases saliva secretion. Therefore, we hypothesized that cannabinoid receptors (CBs) are located in salivary glands to mediate that effect. In these experiments, we used the submandibular gland (SMG) of male rats, which is one of the major salivary glands. Mammalian tissues contain at least two types of CBs, CB1 and CB2, mainly located in the nervous system and peripheral tissues, respectively. Both receptors are coupled to Gi protein and respond by inhibiting the activity of adenylyl cyclase. We demonstrated that both CB1 and CB2 are present in the SMG, each showing specific localizations. The best-known endocannabinoid is anandamide (AEA), which binds with high affinity to CB1 and CB2. We showed that AEA markedly reduced forskolin-induced increase of cAMP content in vitro. This effect was blocked by AM251 and AM630 (CB1 and CB2 antagonists, respectively), indicating that both receptors are implicated in SMG physiology. In addition, we showed that AEA injected intraglandularly to anesthetized rats inhibited norepinephrine (NE)- and methacholine (MC)-stimulated saliva secretion in vivo and that both AM251 or AM630 prevented the inhibitory action of AEA. Also, the intraglandular injection of AM251 increased saliva secretion induced by lower doses of NE or MC. This increase was synergized after coinjection with AM630. Therefore, we concluded that AEA decreases saliva secretion in the SMG acting through CB1 and CB2 receptors.

show abstract

“…The inputs are integrated in the salivation centres, which induce generation of nerve impulses in the parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons innervating the salivary glands. In the human brain, the exact neuroanatomical pathways for connections between the salivation centre and forebrain structures have not yet been fully explored, and most of the knowledge about projections from higher brain centres to the brain stem derives from animal studies …”

Section: Neural Regulation Of Salivary Secretion and The Secretory Elmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary secretion in health and disease

Pedersen

Sørensen

Proctor

et al. 2018

J of Oral Rehabilitation

344

269

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Saliva is a complex fluid produced by 3 pairs of major salivary glands and by hundreds of minor salivary glands. It comprises a large variety of constituents and physicochemical properties, which are important for the maintenance of oral health. Saliva not only protects the teeth and the oropharyngeal mucosa, it also facilitates articulation of speech, and is imperative for mastication and swallowing. Furthermore, saliva plays an important role in maintaining a balanced microbiota. Thus, the multiple functions provided by saliva are essential for proper protection and functioning of the body as a whole and for the general health. A large number of diseases and medications can affect salivary secretion through different mechanisms, leading to salivary gland dysfunction and associated oral problems, including xerostomia, dental caries and fungal infections. The first part of this review article provides an updated insight into our understanding of salivary gland structure, the neural regulation of salivary gland secretion, the mechanisms underlying the formation of saliva, the various functions of saliva and factors that influence salivary secretion under normal physiological conditions. The second part focuses on how various diseases and medical treatment including commonly prescribed medications and cancer therapies can affect salivary gland structure and function. We also provide a brief insight into how to diagnose salivary gland dysfunction.

show abstract

Inhibition of pilocarpine-induced salivation in rats by central noradrenaline

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Central mechanisms involved in pilocarpine-induced pressor response

Central mechanisms involved in pilocarpine-induced pressor response

Inhibition of Salivary Secretion by Activation of Cannabinoid Receptors

Salivary secretion in health and disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About