Inhibition of Precipitation in Counter Current Electrophoresis. A Sensitive Method for Detection of Mink Antibodies to Aleutian Disease Virus

Aasted, Bent; Cohn, Anders

doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1982.tb01411.x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The CIEP 13 test is widely used for testing mink for infection with AMDV because of its low cost, high specificity, and acceptable sensitivity. 1,3,5,17 Methods of detecting anti-AMDV antibodies with higher sensitivity than CIEP have been developed, 1–3,5,6,34 which could increase the chance of detecting infected animals at early periods after infection. These tests are more complex and more costly than CIEP and are not used for routine herd screening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison between the 2 sources of antigen showed that antibody titer measured by the organ-produced antigen was higher than that by the in vitro–grown antigen. 3 This change in the source of antigen could be the reason for the decrease in sensitivity of CIEP after 1983. For instance, antibodies were detected by organ-produced CIEP in 1 of the 8 inoculated mink at 7 dpi, all 4 mink at 9 dpi, and 5 of the 6 mink at 11 dpi, 16 as well as in all 19 mink tested at 7 dpi and in another 97 mink tested at 10 dpi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Aleutian mink disease virus DNA and antiviral antibodies in American mink (Neovison vison) 10 days postinoculation

2015

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Abstract. Early detection of infection by the Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV; Carnivore amdoparvovirus 1) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) has important ramifications in virus eradication programs. A spleen homogenate containing a local isolate of AMDV was injected intraperitoneally into black (n = 44) and sapphire (n = 12) American mink (Neovison vison). Animals were euthanized 10 days postinoculation and anti-AMDV antibodies and AMDV DNA were tested in plasma and 7 organs by CIEP and PCR, respectively. Viral DNA was detected in the plasma, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and lung samples of all inoculated mink, but was not detected in some small intestine, kidney, and liver samples. In contrast, antibodies were detected in the plasma of 3 sapphire (25.0%) and 19 black (43.2%) mink but not in any of the organs. The sensitivity of the CIEP test on plasma samples was 39.3%, implying that low levels of antibodies during the early stages of virus exposure resulted in failure to detect infection by the CIEP test. We concluded that CIEP is not a reliable test for early detection of AMDV infection in mink and that there were considerable differences among mink of each color type for production of detectable levels of antibodies. PCR tests on samples of saliva, rectal swabs, and feces did not produce consistent and reliable results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Aleutian mink disease virus DNA and antiviral antibodies in American mink (Neovison vison) 10 days postinoculation

2015

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“…CIEP based on in vitro grown AMDV antigen (AMDV-G) has been found effective for detecting serum antibodies to AMDV [8,16], and has been referred to as a gold standard [16]. However, the method in itself is labor consuming, and interest has therefore been paid to other antibody detecting systems in order to enable automation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for serodiagnosis of Aleutian mink disease virus infection in mink

Andersson

Wallgren

2013

Acta Vet Scand

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BackgroundAleutian disease in mink is caused by infection with Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV). In Sweden, the infection most commonly causes classical Aleutian disease in which the immune system fails to neutralize the virus and the infection becomes persistent. Diagnosis of AMDV infection is based on serological methods that detect virus-specific antibodies. Traditionally counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) has been the preferred method, but in order to enable automation interest has been paid to other antibody detecting systems. Recently, at least two different ELISA systems that detect antibodies to AMDV have been manufactured; one is based on an in vitro grown AMDV as antigen, and the other system is based on the AMDV capsid protein VP2 as antigen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the two ELISA systems for detection of antibodies to AMDV using CIEP as the gold standard.ResultsWhen employing the mean optical density of the samples from CIEP negative mink plus three standard deviations as cut-off value, the ELISA with the VP2 antigen had a sensitivity of 99.7% and a specificity of 98.3% compared to CIEP (n = 364). Analysis of samples with the AMDV-G antigen based ELISA employing an assay cut-off value based on the negative control samples, as suggested by the manufacturer, resulted in a sensitivity of 54.3% and a specificity of 93.2% with reference to CIEP as the gold standard (n = 359). When employing the mean optical density of the samples from CIEP negative mink plus three standard deviations as cut-off value, the AMDV-G ELISA had a sensitivity of 37.6% and a specificity of 98.3%.ConclusionsThe ELISA system based on VP2 antigen had high sensitivity and specificity, and was concluded to be an alternative to the CIEP as a diagnostic tool for AMDV antibodies. In contrast, the AMDV-G ELISA suffered from low sensitivity when compared to CIEP.

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“…CIEP was developed in the 1970s using an organ-produced antigen. In the 1980s, in vitro cultured (Crandell feline kidney cells) antigen for AMDV-G strain was widely utilized [17]. Although CIEP is highly specific, it has poor sensitivity, is time-consuming and requires large quantities of antigen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Peptide ELISA for the Diagnosis of Aleutian Mink Disease

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Aleutian disease (AD) is a common immunosuppressive disease in mink farms world-wide. Since the 1980s, counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) has been the main detection method for infection with the Aleutian Mink Disease Virus (AMDV). In this study, six peptides derived from the AMDV structural protein VP2 were designed, synthesized, and used as ELISA antigens to detect anti-AMDV antibodies in the sera of infected minks. Serum samples were collected from 764 minks in farms from five different provinces, and analyzed by both CIEP (a gold standard) and peptide ELISA. A peptide designated P1 (415 aa–433 aa) exhibited good antigenicity. A novel ELISA was developed using ovalbumin-linked peptide P1 to detect anti-AMDV antibodies in mink sera. The sensitivity and specificity of the peptide ELISA was 98.0% and 97.5%, respectively. Moreover, the ELISA also detected 342 early-stage infected samples (negative by CIEP and positive by PCR), of which 43.6% (149/342) were true positives. These results showed that the peptide ELISA had better sensitivity compared with CIEP, and therefore could be preferable over CIEP for detecting anti-AMDV antibodies in serological screening.

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Inhibition of Precipitation in Counter Current Electrophoresis. A Sensitive Method for Detection of Mink Antibodies to Aleutian Disease Virus

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Detection of Aleutian mink disease virus DNA and antiviral antibodies in American mink (Neovison vison) 10 days postinoculation

Detection of Aleutian mink disease virus DNA and antiviral antibodies in American mink (Neovison vison) 10 days postinoculation

Evaluation of two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for serodiagnosis of Aleutian mink disease virus infection in mink

Development of a Peptide ELISA for the Diagnosis of Aleutian Mink Disease

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