Inhibition of Pro-inflammatory Secreted Phospholipase A2 by Extracts from Cynara cardunculus L.

Kammoun, Maher; Koubaa, Imed; Ali, Yassine Ben; Jarraya, Raoudha; Gargouri, Youssef; Damak, Mohamed; Bezzine, Sofiane

doi:10.1007/s12010-009-8849-8

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…More interestingly, the highest phenolics and flavonoids concentration recorded under high chloride concentration ( Table 3 ) are also important to human health, and therefore they attribute an added value (compared to the control) to the nutraceutical properties of cardoon leaf extract. These results are very important because several pharmacological studies have demonstrated that cardoon extracts are supposed to exert antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, bile-expelling and urinative activities, as well as the ability to inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and cholesterol biosynthesis ( Falleh et al, 2008 ; Kukíc et al, 2008 ; Kammoun et al, 2010 ; Mileo et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Biomass, Mineral Composition, and Quality of Cardoon in Response to NO3-:Cl- Ratio and Nitrate Deprivation from the Nutrient Solution

et al. 2016

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Leaf extracts of cultivated cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis DC) are an important source of phenols. Soilless culture represents an important and alternative tool to traditional agriculture, since it allows a precise control of plant nutrition and the maximization of yield and quality of the product. Reducing N supply, while keeping quantity as high as possible is desirable for environmental and health-related reasons, especially that N deficiency can lead to improved concentrations of secondary plant metabolites. Two greenhouse experiments were carried out in order to determine the effect of a decreasing NO3-:Cl- ratio (80:20, 60:40, 40:60, or 20:80) and nitrate deprivation (0, 5, 10, or 15 days before harvest) on biomass production, leaf chlorophyll content and fluorescence, mineral composition, and phytochemicals in leaves of cardoon ‘Bianco Avorio’ grown in a floating system. Total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity increased linearly with Cl- availability, especially when nitrate was replaced by 80% of chloride (20:80 NO3-:Cl- ratio), without having a detrimental effect on yield. Total nitrogen and nitrate concentration in leaves decreased linearly with increasing Cl- in the nutrient solution. Total phenols and antioxidant capacity recorded after 15 days of nitrate deprivation were higher by 43.1, 42.8, and 44.3% and by 70.5, 40.9, and 62.2%, at 59, 97 and 124 days after sowing, respectively compared to the control treatment. The decrease in leaf nitrate content recorded under N-deprivation occurred more rapidly than the reduction in total nitrogen. Thus, up to 15 days of nitrate withdrawal can lower nitrates without sharply reduce total nitrogen or affecting growth and biomass of cultivated cardoon. The use of N-free nutrient solution prior to harvest or the replacement of nitrates with chlorides could be adopted among growers to improve the quality of the product and enhance sustainability of crop production system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Biomass, Mineral Composition, and Quality of Cardoon in Response to NO3-:Cl- Ratio and Nitrate Deprivation from the Nutrient Solution

et al. 2016

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“…Approaches for evaluating the significance of phospholipases as virulence factor for the disease and identification of its inhibitors from different anti-fungal or antibacterial herbs or by chemical inhibitor would be potentially an effective therapy for several inflammatory conditions. PLA 2 inhibitors are used as potential anti-inflammatory agents for inhibition of PLA 2 activity and are suggested for their therapeutic use [193,194]. The starting point in seeking new and specific anti-inflammatory drug against such enzymes (PLs) are ellagic acid derivatives, koninginins E and F. Ellagic acid derivatives isolated from Casearia sylvestris.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Phospholipases: Different Sources, Assay Methods, Industrial Potential and Pathogenicity

Ramrakhiani

Chand

2011

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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Significant studies on phospholipases optimization, characterization, physiological role and industrial potential have been conducted worldwide. Some of them have been directed for biotechnological advances such as gene discovery and functional enhancement by protein engineering. Others reported phospholipases as virulence factor and major cause of pathophysiological effects. A general overview on phospholipase is needed for the identification of new reliable and efficient phospholipase, which would be potentially used in number of industrial and medical applications. Phospholipases catalyse the hydrolysis of one or more ester and phosphodiester bonds of glycerophospholipids. They vary in site of action on phospholipid which can be used industrially for modification/production of new phospholipids. Catalytically active phospholipase mainly use phosphatidylcholine as major substrate, but they can also show specificity with other phospholipids. Several accurate phospholipase assay methods are known, but a rapid and reliable method for high-throughput screening is still a challenge for efficient supply of superior phospholipases and their practical applications. Major application of phospholipase is in industries like oil refinery, health food manufacturing, dairy, cosmetics etc. All types of phospholipases can be involved as virulence factor. They can also be used as diagnostic markers for microbial infection. The importance of phospholipase in virulence is proven and inhibitors of the enzyme can be used as candidate for preventing the associated disease.

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“…Some partial in vitro and in vivo studies (Kammoun et al, ; Mohamed et al, ; Chagas‐Paula et al, ) show the effective antiinflammatory properties of artichoke ( Cynara cardunculus L.; Asteraceae family) extracts, but the effect of artichoke on the activity of AKR1B1 had not been studied prior to the work we are reporting here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Artichoke Leaf Extract Inhibits AKR1B1 and Reduces NF-κB Activity in Human Leukemic Cells

et al. 2017

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The human intracellular enzyme AKR1B1 belongs to the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. The AKR1B1-catalyzed reduction of aldehydes is part of the intracellular inflammatory pathway leading to the activation of NF-κB and the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. The present study is aimed at determining the inhibition of AKR1B1 brought about by an extract of artichoke leaves (bracts), and the effects of this extract and three participating compounds on the expression of AKR1B1, COX-2, and MMP-2 proteins in THP-1 cells. It seeks to identify the ability of the test substances to modulate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of NF-κB in cells and the intracellular oxidant effect of test substances after incubation with LPS. Low concentrations of the extract inhibit the enzyme AKR1B1. After stimulation by LPS, the extract attenuated the activity of NF-κB in THP-1 cells, but no changes in the expression of AKR1B1 were recorded. The extract diminished the expression of the inflammation-related enzymes COX-2 and MMP-2, probably by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB. The extract significantly diminished the intracellular reactive oxygen species after a brief LPS incubation, which may also have reduced intracellular inflammation. The diminished activity of NF-κB in the cells could be linked to the inhibition of the activity of AKR1B1. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Inhibition of Pro-inflammatory Secreted Phospholipase A2 by Extracts from Cynara cardunculus L.

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Changes in Biomass, Mineral Composition, and Quality of Cardoon in Response to NO3-:Cl- Ratio and Nitrate Deprivation from the Nutrient Solution

Changes in Biomass, Mineral Composition, and Quality of Cardoon in Response to NO3-:Cl- Ratio and Nitrate Deprivation from the Nutrient Solution

Recent Progress on Phospholipases: Different Sources, Assay Methods, Industrial Potential and Pathogenicity

Artichoke Leaf Extract Inhibits AKR1B1 and Reduces NF-κB Activity in Human Leukemic Cells

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