Inhibition of reticulo‐ruminal motility by volatile fatty acids and lactic acid in sheep.

Gregory, P. C.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016371

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…15 nimi) in the terminial ileum about 30 cm from the ileo-caecal junctioll and(l three others were fittedl w%ith a rumen canniula (polypropylene, 17 mm diameter). All surgery w-as performe(l und(ler aseptic conditions under halothane anaesthesia as previously dlescribe(l (Gregory. 1987).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of duodenal digesta composition on abomasal outflow, motility and small intestinal transit time in sheep.

Gregory¹,

Miller²

1989

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. A study was made of the influence of duodenal infusion of some of the components of the digesta on gastrointestinal motility. abomasal outflow and small intestinal transit timne in seven sheep fed 1500 g grass pellets/day. Gastrointestinal motility was recorded by electromyography. Abomasal outflow was estimated according to the rate of dilution of CrEDTA injected and sampled via an abomasal catheter. Small intestinal transit time was mneasured by the passage of Phenol Red from the duodenum to the terminal ileum.2. Abomasal outflow was inhibited during 3 h infusions (5 ml/min) of 100 mmacetic, propionic, butyric and lactic acids, of 50 mm-HCl, of 0 56 M-glucose, and of 2 and 4 % protein hydrolysate. Abomasal motility was inhibited by these infusions and bv infusion of 234 mm-oleic acid (0-75 ml/min), of a fat emulsion (Intralipid 20%, 0-3 mnl/min) and of 50 m1M-L-tryptophan (7-5r5 Inl/mim).3. Abomasal motility and, where tested, abomasal outflow, were not affected by duodenal infusion of 150 mM-NaHCO3 (5-10 ml/min), 0(28 m-NaCl (5-7'5 ml/min), distilled water (5-7 5 mnl/min), 25 mM-L-tyrosine (5 tnl/nin), and of 50 mM-acetic, propionic, butyric and lactic acids (5 ml/min). 4. At concentrations or rates of infusion above the threshold dose needed to inihibit abomasal motility, small intestinal motility was altered and the frequency and amplitude of the reticulo-ruminal contractions were inhibited.5. The transit time through the small intestine was increased during infusion of 100 mM-acetic, propionic. butyric and lactic acids and decreased during infusion of 0'56 M-glucose and Intralipid. 6. Inhibition of abomasal motility and outflow in sheep receiving 1500 g/day grass pellets was calculated to require increases in the duodenal concentration of volatile fatty acids of about 150 and K+ of about 38%. and to require an increase in the rate of delivery to the duodenum of H+ of about 90 %, nitrogen of about 22 %, glucose of about 2000 % and fat of about 84 %.7. These findings are discussed in relation to the composition of abomasal and duodenal digesta in sheep fed different diets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of duodenal digesta composition on abomasal outflow, motility and small intestinal transit time in sheep.

Gregory¹,

Miller²

1989

The Journal of Physiology

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Some authors have manipulated the ration fed in an effort to influence VFA concen-trations in the digestive tract, [1][2][3][4][5] whereas others have used cannulas to infuse VFA solutions directly into the gastrointestinal segment of interest. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Some authors have manipulated the ration fed in an effort to influence VFA concen-trations in the digestive tract, [1][2][3][4][5] whereas others have used cannulas to infuse VFA solutions directly into the gastrointestinal segment of interest.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of an abrupt increase of starch-rich concentrates in the diet of dairy cows on concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and large intestine and on myoelectric activity of the spiral colon

Meylan¹,

Eicher²,

Blum³

et al. 2002

ajvr

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Although rumen fluid is of limited value for measurement of certain indicators of fermentation, fecal samples can be used for measurement of pH and VFA concentrations, which serve as indicators of fermentation patterns in the large intestine. Increased concentrations of VFA and low pH in large intestinal digesta have a minimal influence on myoelectric activity of the spiral colon. Increased luminal VFA concentrations are unlikely to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of motility disorders of the large intestine in cattle.

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“…In the course of these studies, it has been suggested that mucosal nervous elements may play a role in sensory reception (mechanoand chemo-receptors) of the forestomach (LEEK and HARDING, 1975;LEEK, 1986). Intrinsic nerve reflexes via the enteric nervous system of the ruminant forestomach in response to chemical stimuli from the lumen also have been proposed (GREGORY, 1982(GREGORY, , 1984(GREGORY, , 1987COTTRELL and GREGORY, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Substance P-Immunoreactive Neurons of the Bovine Forestomach Mucosa: Their Presumptive Role in a Sensory Mechanism.

Kitamura

Yamada

Yamamoto

et al. 1993

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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Summary. Substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers and cell bodies were examined in the forestomach mucosa of the calf and cow pretreated with colchicine, using thick (100um) floating sections. Intraepithelial nerve fibers were identified, appearing only rarely in the rumen and reticulum, and completely absent from the omasum. Nerve fibers were observed in the lamina propria of all the regions of the forestomach examined. A few thin nerve fibers were seen in the core of the ruminal papillae of the calf, whereas in the cow they appeared very coarse in nature. Flocculent and complicated nerve fiber networks were seen in the connective tissue of the reticular papillae. Mucosal nerve fibers formed a peculiar glomerulus-like architecture in the omasal papillae of the calf, while in the cow, the nerve fibers were largely restricted in distribution to the vicinity of the epithelium within the connective tissue pegs. Immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were found in the ruminal atrium, the dorsal sac and the ventral sac of the rumen of the calf and in the reticulum of both the calf and cow. Some of these neurons exhibited processes that appeared to course toward the papillae. In total, substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers and cell bodies were more abundant in the calf than in the cow.These distributions demonstrate that the neural circuitry of the bovine forestomach contains substance P immunoreactivity in the mucosa as well as in the muscle layer, pointing to its possible importance in the regulation of the forestomach function. Substance P-immunoreactive nerve fibers were numerous in the reticular papillae of the calf and cow and in the omasal papillae of the calf. The positive fibers at these localities may act as mucosal receptors.

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Inhibition of reticulo‐ruminal motility by volatile fatty acids and lactic acid in sheep.

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of duodenal digesta composition on abomasal outflow, motility and small intestinal transit time in sheep.

Influence of duodenal digesta composition on abomasal outflow, motility and small intestinal transit time in sheep.

Effects of an abrupt increase of starch-rich concentrates in the diet of dairy cows on concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the rumen and large intestine and on myoelectric activity of the spiral colon

Substance P-Immunoreactive Neurons of the Bovine Forestomach Mucosa: Their Presumptive Role in a Sensory Mechanism.

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