Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 production by mononuclear cells following dietary fish-oil supplementation in healthy men and response to antioxidant co-supplementation

Trebble, T M; Arden, N K; Stroud, Mike; Wootton, Stephen A.; Burdge, Graham C.; Miles, Elizabeth A.; Ballinger, Anne; Thompson, Rachel; Calder, Philip C.

doi:10.1079/bjn2003892

Cited by 203 publications

(132 citation statements)

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“…They did not report any data on eicosanoid secretion. Other studies, performed in men, report decreased production of various proinflammatory cytokines (15,16) and some state no effect (26) after -3 LCPUFA supplementation. The study by Blok et al is similar to ours with respect to daily -3 LCPUFA dose and use of endotoxin-stimulated whole blood culture, but it was, however, performed in elderly monks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B, The observed decrease in LPS-induced PGE 2 secretion in the -3-supplemented group was more pronounced among nonatopic (4 of 5, 80%) than among atopic (11 of 16, 69%) mothers (ns). formed in men with cell cultures established on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (5,15,16). Previous studies in pregnant women supplemented with -3 LCPUFA were mainly focused on consequences for the child (17,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy on Maternal Eicosanoid, Cytokine, and Chemokine Secretion

et al. 2009

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ABSTRACT:The incidence of allergic diseases has increased, and a relation between allergy and dietary fatty acids has been proposed. Modulation of the maternal immune function during pregnancy may have an impact on future clinical outcomes in the child. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of omega ()-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation during pregnancy on the plasma fatty acid composition in relation to the maternal immune function. Pregnant women with allergic disease in their immediate family were supplemented daily with 2.7 g -3 LCPUFA (n ϭ 70) or 2.8 g soybean oil as placebo (n ϭ 75) from the 25th gestational week. The proportions of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in plasma/serum phospholipids increased in the -3-supplemented group, whereas arachidonic acid decreased during intervention. Lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E 2 secretion from whole blood culture supernatants (n ϭ 59) decreased in a majority of the -3-supplemented mothers (18 of 28, p ϭ 0.002). The decreased prostaglandin E 2 production was more pronounced among nonatopic than atopic mothers. The lipopolysaccharideinduced cytokine and chemokine secretion was not affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy on Maternal Eicosanoid, Cytokine, and Chemokine Secretion

et al. 2009

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“…4 g/d. Trebble et al (2003a) have reported a negative but 'U-shaped' dose-response relationship between long-chain n-3 PUFA intake and IL-6 production in an open uncontrolled study, with a maximum inhibition demonstrated at a supplementary intake of 1 . 0 g/d.…”

Section: Effects Of Epa and Dha On Natural Killer Cell Activitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential immunomodulation with long-chainn-3 PUFA in health and chronic disease

Sijben¹,

2007

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The balance of intake of n-6 and n-3 PUFA, and consequently their relative incorporation into immune cells, is important in determining the development and severity of immune and inflammatory responses. Some disorders characterised by exaggerated inflammation and excessive formation of inflammatory markers have become among the most important causes of death and disability in man in modern societies. The recognition that long-chain n-3 PUFA have the potential to inhibit (excessive) inflammatory responses has led to a large number of clinical investigations with these fatty acids in inflammatory conditions as well as in healthy subjects. The present review explores the presence of dose-related effects of long-chain n-3 PUFA supplementation on immune markers and differences between healthy subjects and those with inflammatory conditions, because of the important implications for the transfer of information gained from studies with healthy subjects to patient populations, e.g. for establishing dose levels for specific applications. The effects of long-chain n-3 PUFA supplementation on ex vivo lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production by lymphocytes and monocytes in healthy subjects have been studied in twenty-seven, twenty-five and forty-six treatment cohorts respectively, at intake levels ranging from 0 . 2 g EPA + DHA/d to 7 . 0 g EPA + DHA/d. Most studies, particularly those with the highest quality study design, have found no effects on these immune markers. Significant effects on lymphocyte proliferation are decreased responses in seven of eight cohorts, particularly in older subjects. The direction of the significant changes in cytokine production by lymphocytes is inconsistent and only found at supplementation levels ‡ 2 . 0 g EPA + DHA/d. Significant changes in inflammatory cytokine production by monocytes are decreases in their production in all instances. Overall, these studies fail to reveal strong dose-response effects of EPA + DHA on the outcomes measured and suggest that healthy subjects are relatively insensitive to immunomodulation with longchain n-3 PUFA, even at intake levels that substantially raise their concentrations in phospholipids of immune cells. In patients with inflammatory conditions cytokine concentrations or production are influenced by EPA + DHA supplementation in a relatively large number of studies. Some of these studies suggest that local effects at the site of inflammation might be more pronounced than systemic effects and disease-related markers are more sensitive to the immunomodulatory effects, indicating that the presence of inflamed tissue or 'sensitised' immune cells in inflammatory disorders might increase sensitivity to the immunomodulatory effects of long-chain n-3 PUFA. In a substantial number of these studies clinical benefits related to the inflammatory state of the condition have been observed in the absence of significant effects on immune markers of inflammation. This finding suggests that conditionspecific clinical end points might be more sensitive markers...

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“…73 In contrast, n-3 PUFAs may ameliorate the inflammatory response. 74,75 Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs modified phospholipid fatty acid composition and decreased the production of TNF-a and IL-6 by monocytes 76 when compared with palmitic acid. 77 Diets that are high in alinolenic acid (18:3n-3) tend to reduce inflammation.…”

Section: Subclinical Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary determinants of subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia and components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children: a review

Zimmermann

Aeberli

2008

Int J Obes

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Objective: To review and summarize the dietary determinants of the metabolic syndrome, subclinical inflammation and dyslipidemia in overweight children. Design: Review of the current literature, focusing on pediatric studies. Participants: Normal weight, overweight, or obese children and adolescents. Results: There is a growing literature on the metabolic effects of excess body fat during childhood. However, few pediatric studies have examined the dietary determinants of obesity-related metabolic disturbances. From the available data, it appears that dietary factors are not only important environmental determinants of adiposity, but also may affect components of the metabolic syndrome and modulate the actions of adipokines. Dietary total fat and saturated fat are associated with insulin resistance and high blood pressure, as well as obesity-related inflammation. In contrast to studies in adults, resistin and adiponectin do not appear to be closely linked to insulin resistance or dyslipidemia in childhood. However, circulating leptin and retinol-binding protein (RBP) 4 correlate well with obesity, central obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children. Intakes of antioxidant vitamins tend to be low in obese children and may be predictors of subclinical inflammation. Higher fructose intake from sweets and sweetened drinks in overweight children has been linked to decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size. Conclusions: Dietary interventions aimed at reducing intakes of total fat, saturated fat and free fructose, whereas increasing antioxidant vitamin intake may be beneficial in overweight children. More research on the relationships between dietary factors and the metabolic changes of pediatric obesity may help to identify the dietary changes to reduce health risks. International Journal of Obesity (2008) 32, S11-S18; doi:10. 1038/ijo.2008.202 Keywords: child; metabolic syndrome; diet; inflammation; adipokine IntroductionIn both industrialized and non-industrialized countries, the prevalence of pediatric obesity is increasing. 1 Dietary factors are environmental determinants of adiposity, as well as components of the metabolic syndrome, and may modulate the actions of adipokines. Better understanding of the relationships between dietary factors and the metabolic changes of pediatric obesity may help to identify the dietary changes to reduce health risks. Hypertension, insulin resistance, resistin and adiponectinPediatric obesity is an important risk factor for adult hypertension and type 2 diabetes, and approximately one third of obese children are hypertensive and/or hyperinsulinemic. 2,3 The adipocyte-derived hormones resistin, adiponectin and leptin may play a role in the development of hypertension and/or insulin resistance. 4-7 Among children, inverse associations of adiponectin or resistin with body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance have been reported, 8 but not all studies agree. 9 Studies on diet in childhood hypertension have mainly focused on sodium or calcium intake, rather than macr...

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Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 production by mononuclear cells following dietary fish-oil supplementation in healthy men and response to antioxidant co-supplementation

Cited by 203 publications

References 33 publications

The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy on Maternal Eicosanoid, Cytokine, and Chemokine Secretion

The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy on Maternal Eicosanoid, Cytokine, and Chemokine Secretion

Differential immunomodulation with long-chainn-3 PUFA in health and chronic disease

Dietary determinants of subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia and components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children: a review

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