Inhibitors of Histamine Catabolism and the Action of Gastrin in the Rat

Amure, B. O.; Ginsburg, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1964.tb01604.x

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Once a steady state of sensitivity was attained, no further alteration in the responsiveness of the secretory cells to secretagogues occurred. Constant responses to identical doses of gastrin extracts given in rapid succession-that is, a second dose given as soon as the response to the previous one ceased-have been reported by some workers (Vasseur & Parrot 1964;Amure & Ginsburg 1964). However, Barrett, Raventos & Siddall, 1966) reported the development of tachyphylaxis to gastrin when doses were administered at intervals of less than 90 min while Lai (1964) observed increases in the sensitivity of the rat stomach after four-five identical doses of gastrin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of antral gastrin activity in some mammals

Amure

Omole

1971

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. The amounts of crude gastrin extract and the gastrin activities of extracts from antral mucosa of several mammalian species have been determined. 2. The yield of crude gastrin powder per gramme wet weight of antral mucosa was greater in goats and rabbits than in cat, dog, man or pig. 3. Statistical differences do not appear to exist between the potencies of gastrin from the various species. The potencies of the powders were within the ranges 1X2-1 8 ,ug porcine gastrin 1I/mg with the exception of the extract from frozen dog antra (08 ug/mg). 4. During prolonged freezing of animal antra and consequent thawing before extraction, significant losses in gastrin activity occurred in the dog. 5. The amounts of gastrin activity per gramme wet weight of antral mucosa from herbivores (goat, rabbit and cattle) were greater than those from nonherbivores (cat, dog, man and pig). IntroductionThe isolation of the hormone gastrin, the elucidation of its structure and the more comprehensive characterization of its activities have now placed the endocrine function of some cells of the gastric antrum beyond doubt. The work in the Pavlovian School reported by Babkin (1928) and investigations of other workers have shown that meat extracts and some other constituents of food, stimulate the release of the antral hormone, thus the gastrin content of the antral mucosa may reflect the dietary habit of the animal. The present paper is concerned with a comparative study of the gastrin activity extracted from the antral mucosa of various mammals including carnivores (dog and cat), herbivores (cattle, rabbit and goat) and omnivores (hog and man).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of antral gastrin activity in some mammals

Amure

Omole

1971

British J Pharmacology

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“…(3) As is the case with gastrin (Amure & Ginsburg, 1964;Thayer & Martin, 1967), caerulein is inactive in rats depleted of histamine by compound 48/80 and has an increased effect in rats pretreated with the diamine oxidase inhibitor aminoguanidine. These observations point to the possibility that the action of caerulein on gastric secretion in the rat is mediated, at least in part by histamine, and in the dog by acetylcholine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The actions of caerulein on gastric secretion of the dog and the rat

Bertaccini

Endean

Erspamer

et al. 1968

British J Pharmacology

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1. Caerulein, as expected from its amino-acid composition and sequence, has a potent stimulant action on gastric secretion in the dog, the rat and the frog. 2. In the denervated fundic pouch of the dog, caerulein increases the rate of flow of gastric juice and the outputs of acid and pepsin. Acid concentration and pepsin concentration in caerulein-produced juice are generally greater than in control juice. The threshold subcutaneous dose of caerulein is 0. 15-0.5 ,ug/kg and the threshold rate of intravenous infusion 0.25-0.5 ,g/kg per hr.Rapid intravenous injection is ineffective. On a molar basis, caerulein is approximately twice as active as human gastrin I on volume and acid output of the gastric pouch and 4 times as active on pepsin output. 3. Sustained acid secretion of the fundic pouch produced by histamine infusion is inhibited by caerulein, administered either intravenously or subcutaneously. In turn, acid secretion elicited by caerulein is inhibited-by atropine. 4. In the rat, the activity ratio of caerulein to human gastrin I is 7-30, calculated on a molar basis, and is thus considerably greater than in the dog. Further, caerulein is 3 times more active than cholecystokinin-pancreozymin. Tested on the perfused stomach preparation of the rat, the threshold dose of caerulein by rapid intravenous injection is 25 ng/kg, by intravenous infusion 0.25 ,ug/kg per hr, and by subcutaneous injection 0.25 to 0.5 ug/kg. 5. The activity of caerulein is sharply reduced by pretreatment of the rats with the histamine liberator 48/80 and potentiated by pretreatment with the diamine oxidase inhibitor aminoguanidine. When caerulein is given by rapid intravenous injection during a priming infusion of histamine its effect is enhanced and considerably prolonged. 6. The isolated mucosa of the frog stomach is extremely sensitive to caerulein which, in a concentration of a few pg/ml., stimulates active transport of chloride.7. Qualitative and quantitative differences in the action of gastrin and caerulein are pointed out, and particular emphasis is laid on the importance of esterification of the tyrosyl residue for the biological activity of caerulein.It was shown in a preceding paper (Bertaccini, De Caro, Endean, Erspamer & Impicciatore, 1968a) that caerulein had a moderate but relatively long-lasting hypotensive action in the dog and the rabbit. A hypotensive action which was less

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“…Acid secretion was measured using a modified Langerdoff apparatus (Amure and Ginsburg, 1964). Each animal was anaesthesized with 0.25mg/ml urethane at a dose of 0.6ml/100g body weight.…”

Section: Measurement Of Gastric Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each animal was anaesthesized with 0.25mg/ml urethane at a dose of 0.6ml/100g body weight. Esophageal cannular from Langerdoffs apparatus was inserted through the mouth of the anaesthetized rat into the stomach (Amure and Ginsburg, 1964).…”

Section: Measurement Of Gastric Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%