Inhibitors of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase: Potential linkage for whole cereal foods on prevention of hyperglycemia

Gong, Lingxiao; Feng, Danning; Wang, Tianxi; Ren, Yuqing; Liu, Yingli

doi:10.1002/fsn3.1987

Cited by 270 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…α-glucosidase is a key digestive enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of starch to α-glucose [ 39 ]. α-glucosidase inhibitors are an effective strategy in reducing post-prandial hyperglycemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers have focused on seeking effective α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural products with negligible adverse effects to develop functional foods against diabetes [ 41 , 42 ]. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of polysaccharides were closely related to their monosaccharide compositions, molecular weights, and type of glycosidic linkages [ 39 ]. Interestingly, the IC 50 of NNP-2 (97.32 µg/mL) was lower than that of some reported natural polysaccharides consisting of high percentages of galactose and arabinose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysaccharide Derived from Nelumbo nucifera Lotus Plumule Shows Potential Prebiotic Activity and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells

Anh

Yang

2021

Polymers

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Polysaccharides are key bioactive compounds in lotus plumule tea, but their anti-diabetes activities remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prebiotic activities of a novel polysaccharide fraction from the Nelumbo nucifera lotus plumule, and to examine its regulation of glucose metabolism in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. The N. nucifera polysaccharide (NNP) was purified after discoloration, hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and DEAE-cellulose chromatography to obtain purified polysaccharide fractions (NNP-2). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the main structural characteristics and functional group of NNP-2. Physicochemical characterization indicated that NNP-2 had a molecular weight of 110.47 kDa and consisted of xylose, glucose, fructose, galactose, and fucose in a molar ratio of 33.4:25.7:22.0:10.5:8.1. The prebiotic activity of NNP-2 was demonstrated in vitro using Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Furthermore, NNP-2 showed bioactivity against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 97.32 µg/mL). High glucose-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells were used to study the effect of NNP-2 on glucose consumption, and the molecular mechanism of the insulin transduction pathway was studied using RT-qPCR. NNP-2 could improve insulin resistance by modulating the IRS1/PI3K/Akt pathway in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Our data demonstrated that the Nelumbo nucifera polysaccharides are potential sources for nutraceuticals, and we propose functional food developments from the bioactive polysaccharides of N. nucifera for the management of diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide Derived from Nelumbo nucifera Lotus Plumule Shows Potential Prebiotic Activity and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells

Anh

Yang

2021

Polymers

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“…Monosaccharides are converted into blood glucose after being absorbed by small intestinal epithelial cells (Sarikurkcu et al., 2016). Therefore, inhibitors of these two enzymes can be regarded as effective drugs to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia in T2DM patients (Bashary et al., 2020; Gong et al., 2020). In this study, DRE could inhibit the activity of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase, especially the inhibitory rate of DRE‐w on these two enzymes close to acarbose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoglycemic effect of Taraxacum officinale root extract and its synergism with Radix Astragali extract

Chai

Guo

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) and Radix Astragali are traditional medicinal and edible plants with high nutritional value. In this study, the synergistic hypoglycemic effect of DRE and Radix Astragali extract (RAE) was evaluated. Our results showed that water extract of dandelion (DRE‐w), mainly containing polysaccharides (63.92 ± 1.82 mg/g), total flavonoid (2.57 ± 0.06 mg/g), total phenolic compounds (8.93 ± 0.34 mg/g), and saponins (0.54 ± 0.05 mg/g), exhibited significantly inhibitory effect on α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase. DRE‐w and RAE had synergistic hypoglycemic effect; we found that DRE‐w and its combination with RAE could relieve the state of insulin resistance in IR‐HepG2 cells. The combination could more significantly increase the glucose consumption and intracellular glycogen content, and improve the activity of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase in IR‐HepG2 cells. In summary, DRE and its combination with RAE can be developed as the drugs or functional foods for diabetes prevention and treatment.

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“…The correct proportions of these essential bioactive compounds are easily underestimated when considering their importance in health promotion. In diabetic moderation, phenolic acids, catechin, and quercetin have been found to exert α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effect (Figure 2) (Adisakwattana et al, 2004;Gong et al, 2020;Rasouli et al, 2017;Tadera et al, 2006;Xiao et al, 2013), consequently leading to the belief that barley phytochemicals modulate the effect of carbohydrates and blood sugar levels, thereby preventing hyperglycemia. Naringin was reported to possess a potent anti-hyperglycemic impact in a study involving NA/STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rats (Ahmed et al, 2017).…”

Section: Role Of Phytochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health benefits of barley for diabetes

Idehen¹,

Wang²,

Sang³

2020

Journal of Food Bioactives

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders in the United States. Increased blood glucose levels and improper crucial metabolism ensuing from insulin action, insulin secretion defect, or both are characteristics of this disease. The risk of developing T2D is associated with many factors, including obesity, race, inactivity, and genetics. Increased whole-grain (WG) consumption has been reported to lower the risk of obesity and T2D. Among WGs, barley shows a comparative advantage in its fiber content, especially the soluble fiber, beta-glucan (β-glucan), an active component credited for this benefit. Barley also contains important phytochemicals, mostly intertwined with its fiber, reported to also offer glycemic response benefits. The mechanism by which barley exerts these changes in glycemic response is not entirely understood. However, the physical properties of barley fiber, the function of microbial metabolites of fiber, short chain fatty acids, and the beneficial effects of its phytochemicals through multiple pathways have all been reported as the potential mechanisms for its antidiabetic effects. This review summarizes recent studies concerning the health-promoting benefit of barley in preventing and moderating the risk factors associated with diabetes and the potential underlying mechanisms.

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Inhibitors of α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase: Potential linkage for whole cereal foods on prevention of hyperglycemia

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 270 publications

References 72 publications

Polysaccharide Derived from Nelumbo nucifera Lotus Plumule Shows Potential Prebiotic Activity and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells

Polysaccharide Derived from Nelumbo nucifera Lotus Plumule Shows Potential Prebiotic Activity and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells

Hypoglycemic effect of Taraxacum officinale root extract and its synergism with Radix Astragali extract

Health benefits of barley for diabetes

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