Inhibitory Activities of Phenolic Compounds Isolated from Adina rubella Leaves Against 5α-Reductase Associated with Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Abstract

Adina rubella Hance (AR), a plant native to Korea, has been used as traditional medicine for dysentery, eczema, intoxication, and external hemorrhages. Previous phytochemical studies of AR have reported several components, including terpenoids, phenolics, and alkaloids. The current study evaluated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities and 5α-reductase inhibition of isolated compounds of AR leaves to find a potential therapeutic agent for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Repeated chromatographic isolation of an 80% acetone extract of AR leaves yielded seven phenolic compounds: caffeic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), methyl chlorogenate (3), quercetin-3-rutinoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1Ñ6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), hyperoside (6), and grandifloroside (7). Compound 7 is a novel compound in AR. Caffeoyl derivatives 1-3 and 7 showed good anti-oxidative activities. In particular, caffeic acid (1) and grandifloroside (7) showed potent anti-inflammatory activities, and 7 also exhibited potent inhibitory activity against TNF-α and 5α-reductase. Our results show that the extract and grandifloroside (7) from leaves of AR might be developed as a source of potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agents and therapeutic agent for BPH.

Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Fermented Bark of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Its Isolated Compounds on Lipopolysaccharide‐Treated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

“…e chemical structures were elucidated by using several types of instrumental analysis. 1Dnuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, such as 1 H-(600 MHz) and 13 C-(150 MHz) NMR, were performed using an JNM-ECZ600R (JEOL, Massachusetts, USA) at the Center for Research facilities at Chung-Ang University.…”

“…e isolated compounds were identified as acanthoside D (1) [16], acanthoside B (2) [17], daucosterol (3) [18], protocatechuic acid (4) [19], chlorogenic acid methyl ester (5) [20], ciwujiatone (6) [21], syringaresinol (7) [22], farnesol (8) [23,24], 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid ( 9) [25], and falcarindiol (10) [26] through comparison of their spectral data with the values reported in other studies (Figure 1). Structures of the 10 compounds isolated from FAS were identified by analysis of 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra compared with references. 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra of the compounds (1-10) were included in Supplementary Materials as…”

“…Structures of the 10 compounds isolated from FAS were identified by analysis of 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra compared with references. 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra of the compounds (1-10) were included in Supplementary Materials as…”

“…Microorganisms have many bioconversion elements. As a part of our previous related work [ 13 ], inhibitory activities of nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS and COX-2, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor- α ), and collagenase in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were evaluated on the biotransformation product of A . sessiliflorus .…”

Anti-acne vulgaris effect including skin barrier improvement and 5α-reductase inhibition by tellimagrandin I from Carpinus tschonoskii

“…The enzyme 5α-reductase metabolizes testosterone to DHT, but abnormally high 5α-reductase activity results in excessive DHT production [26]. .It is reported that caffeoyl derivatives from Adina rubella showed good 5α-reductase inhibitory activity [57]. In this experiment, CTL and TI inhibit androgen-induced sebum production by inhibiting the 5α-reductase reaction that produces DHT.…”