Inhibitory Activity of Fruits Extracts of <i>A</i><i>n</i><i>t</i><i>i</i><i>d</i><i>e</i><i>s</i><i>m</i><i>a </i><i>b</i><i>unius</i><i> </i>on the Proliferation and Migration of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells

Abstract

In this research, we investigated the inhibitory effect of the ethanolic (EtOH) extract of bignay (Antidesma bunius) fruit on the viability of breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) by CCK-8 assay. The results showed that the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 219 μg/mL after the cells were treated with EtOH extract for 72 hours. The EtOH extract was sequentially extracted by petroleum ether (PET), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol (nBuOH). Among them, the EtOAc fraction showed higher anti-proliferative activity than the other fractions. Wound healing experiment showed the EtOAc fraction inhibited the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells and significantly delayed the transition of the G1 to S phase compared to control. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that in addition to citric acid and phenolic acids (3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, aspirin, fertaric acid), EtOH extract of bignay fruit contains active ingredient like coumarin, genistin, amentoflavone, and luteolin 7-galactoside. The anti-proliferation activity of amentoflavone against MDA-MB-231 cells was also confirmed.