Inhibitory effect of isolated Lupeol from stem bark of <i>Diospyros mespiliformis </i>Horsch (Ebenaceae) against some microbial pathogens

Abstract

Powdered stem bark of plant material (1000g) of Diospyros mespiliformis was extracted with hexane using Soxhlet apparatus and concentrated on a water bath at 60 0 C. The extract was later subjected to column chromatography techniques using gradient elution in which various fractions were obtained and monitored using thin layer chromatography. The structure of the isolated compound were suggested by 1D and 2D spectroscopic analysis and by direct comparison of the data obtained with those reported in literature to be Lupeol.Antimicrobial screening of the lupeol compound and control drugs were carried out using agar well diffusion method. Significant zones of inhibition of lupeol compound were observed from (30-24mm) and standard control drugs range from (40-32mm). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC) of the lupeol compound was observed at 6.25-12.5ug/ml and Minimum Bacteriacidal Concentration (MBC) /Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) ranged from (12.5-25ug/ml).Lupeol compound revealed significant antimicrobial activity against some selected clinical isolates in this study and thus validated the traditional claims ofDiospyros mespiliformis used for the treatment of antimicrobial based infections.

Traditional Uses, Pharmacological Activities, and Phytochemical Analysis of Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex. A. DC (Ebenaceae): A Review

“…Several studies have been undertaken to isolate bioactive compounds from the leaves, roots, stem, and bark. As a result, several secondary metabolites have been isolated, primarily from chemical constituents, such as terpenoids, naphthoquinones, phenolics, and coumarins [4,[11][12][13][14]. No previous study has yet comprehensively reviewed the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and In Vivo animal investigations of D. mespiliformis.…”

“…Additionally, Mohamed et al [14] isolated lupeol (27), betulin (24), betulinic acid (25), and lupenone (26) from the stems and bark of D. mespiliformis. Anas et al [13] and Adzu et al [61] have reported the isolation and identification of lupeol (27) from the stem bark of D. mespiliformis. Diosquinone (2) and plumbagin (12) were also isolated from the roots of D. mespiliformis by Lajubutu et al [64].…”

“…Following an investigation of D. mespiliformis leaves by Hawas et al [65], a new acylated flavone isoscutellarein 7-O-(4 -O-acetyl)-β-allopyranosyl (1 → 2 )-β-glucopyranoside (4) was isolated and characterized. Furthermore, eight known flavonoid metabolites were identified: luteolin 3 ,4 ,6,8-tetramethyl ether (9), luteolin 4 -O-β-neohesperidoside (10), luteolin 7-O-β-glucoside (7), luteolin (6), quercetin (13), quercetin 3-O-β-glucoside ( 14), quercetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside (15), and rutin (16). In addition, their structures were determined via acid hydrolysis of the separated glycosides and via spectroscopic (UV, NMR, and MS) data analyses.…”

Antiurolithiatic effects of pentacyclic triterpenes: The distance traveled from therapeutic aspects

“…Asiatic acid (Figure 1) has been shown to possess antibacterial activity against E. coli (MIC = 24 ± 4 μg/ml; MBC = 36 ± 4 μg/ml) (W. Liu, Liu, & Mong, 2015) values ranging from 0.9 to 15.6 μg/ml, which closely compared with the positive reference (kanamycin sulphate) with a MIC range of 1.9--3.9 μg/ml. Lupeol and its derivatives isolated from the stem bark of Diospyros mespiliformis Horsch (Ebenaceae) were effective against S. aureus and E. coli with a MIC = 6.25-12.5 μg/ml (Anas et al, 2017).…”