Inhibitory Effect of (-)-myrtenol alone and in combination with antifungal agents on Candida spp.

Cavalcanti, Bruno Bezerra; Neto, Hermes Diniz; Silva-Rocha, Walicyranison Plinio da; Lima, Edeltrudes de Oliveira; Barbosa-Filho, José Maria; Sampaio, Fábio Correia; Guerra, Felipe Queiroga Sarmento

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i15.22434

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Essential oils have been shown as both potential antimicrobials and enhancers of conventional antimicrobials [ 27 , 28 ]. In particular, the bicyclic monoterpene myrtenol, a terpene from the myrtenol tree, is able to repress the growth of bacteria [ 37 , 38 ] and fungi [ 36 ] as well as reduce the effective concentrations of some antifungals [ 39 , 40 ]. In our study, the two optical isomers of myrtenol, (−)-myrtenol and (+)-myrtenol, were tested as either antibacterial, antifungal, or enhancers of conventional drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several chemically synthesized myrtenol derivatives demonstrated significant in vitro antifungal activity against Physalospora piricola with better or comparable antifungal activity than those of positive controls (the commercial fungicides azoxystrobin and chlorothalonil) [ 32 ]. In addition, the combination of myrtenol and antifungal agents reduced the effective concentrations of the latter with synergistic and additive effects [ 39 , 40 ]. The mechanism of myrtenol action is discussible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing the Efficacy of Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus–Candida albicans Mixed Infections with Myrtenol

et al. 2022

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Infectious diseases caused by various nosocomial microorganisms affect worldwide both immunocompromised and relatively healthy persons. Bacteria and fungi have different tools to evade antimicrobials, such as hydrolysis damaging the drug, efflux systems, and the formation of biofilm that significantly complicates the treatment of the infection. Here, we show that myrtenol potentiates the antimicrobial and biofilm-preventing activity of conventional drugs against S. aureus and C. albicans mono- and dual-species cultures. In our study, the two optical isomers, (-)-myrtenol and (+)-myrtenol, have been tested as either antibacterials, antifungals, or enhancers of conventional drugs. (+)-Myrtenol demonstrated a synergistic effect with amikacin, fluconazole, and benzalkonium chloride on 64–81% of the clinical isolates of S. aureus and C. albicans, including MRSA and fluconazole-resistant fungi, while (-)-myrtenol increased the properties of amikacin and fluconazole to repress biofilm formation in half of the S. aureus and C. albicans isolates. Furthermore, myrtenol was able to potentiate benzalkonium chloride up to sixteen-fold against planktonic cells in an S. aureus–C. albicans mixed culture and repressed the adhesion of S. aureus. The mechanism of both (-)-myrtenol and (+)-myrtenol synergy with conventional drugs was apparently driven by membrane damage since the treatment with both terpenes led to a significant drop in membrane potential similar to the action of benzalkonium chloride. Thus, due to the low toxicity of myrtenol, it seems to be a promising agent to increase the efficiency of the treatment of infections caused by bacteria and be fungi of the genus Candida as well as mixed fungal–bacterial infections, including resistant strains.

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