Inhibitory Effect of Water‐Soluble Chitosan on TNF‐α and IL‐8 Secretion from HMC‐1 Cells

Abstract

Mast cells are known to play an active role as effector cells in allergic inflammation and in diverse immunological and pathological processes. Activated mast cell-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines are important pathologic factors of progression of allergic inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-8) can be induced by calcium stimulation in HMC-1 cells, and high molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (WSC) can inhibit the production of these cytokines. We provided evidence that the secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-8 from HMC-1 cells was induced by Ca2+-ionophore A23187 or Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor TSG. Treatment of WSC (10 microg/ml) prior to stimulation with calcium agonists significantly blocked the secretion of TNF-alpha by 65.1% for A23187 and 87.7% for TSG. IL-8 secretion in response to A23187 or TSG was inhibited by 49.2% for A23187 and 34.1% for TSG, respectively, compared to absence of WSC. These results suggest that WSC has potential regulatory effects on allergic inflammatory diseases by down-modulating Ca2+-induced mast cell activation.

Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chitosan–Alginate Nanoparticles: A Targeted Therapy for Cutaneous Pathogens

“…Since chitosan has been shown to have various anti-inflammatory properties (Kim et al, 2004)), we specifically investigated whether the inflammatory cytokines and chemokines induced by P. acnes could be modulated in the presence of chitosan-alginate NPs. Human monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood and stimulated cells with P. acnes in the presence of various concentrations of chitosan-alginate NPs.…”

“…Past studies have provided insight into chitosan’s ability to inhibit inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. It was shown that chitosan can inhibit NF-κβ activation in human mast cell lines through downmodulation of CA 2+ induced mast cell activation (Seo et a., 2003) and suppression of mRNA expression of membrane metalloproteinases 1 and 3 (Kim et al, 2004), suggesting that chitosan interferes with the Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Additionally, it has been shown that IL-6 can play a role as a regulator of extracellular matrix deposition via MMPs and is involved in the immune response to P. acnes ; as a consequence, it may be an important determinant of acne and therefore downregulation could be an important component of therapy(Pajulo et al, 1999).…”

Effect of long-term supplementation of low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) on fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in db/db mice model and elucidation of mechanism of action

“…Low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide results from the enzymatic digestion of chitosan and has been shown to have many health beneficial biological activities including antitumor [15, 16], immunoenhancing [17], anti-hypertension [18] and anti-diabetic [19, 20]. Specifically for type 2 diabetes management, Kondo et al [19] showed that low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide can prevent the progression of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.…”

Molecular Weight Dependent Glucose Lowering Effect of Low Molecular Weight Chitosan Oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) on Postprandial Blood Glucose Level in SD Rats Model

“…Low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide has been shown to have many health beneficial biological activities including antifungal [16], antibacterial [17–19], antitumor [20,21], immuno-enhancing [22], anti-hypertension via ACE-I inhibition [13] and protective effects against infection [23]. Additionally, Kondo and others [24] showed that low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide can prevent the progression of diabetes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.…”