Inhibitory Effects of 2,2′-Dipyridyl and 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-Galloyl-b-D-Glucopyranose on Biofilm Formation in Contact Lens Cases

Cho, Pauline; Shi, Guangsen; Boost, Maureen

doi:10.1167/iovs.15-17723

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…CV staining reveals ability of biofilm to form in the lens case, but not the effect of the solution on its viability. Its use in many studies may underestimate the efficacy of solutions in killing sessile bacteria . Thus, it is essential to perform a viability assay, such as MTT, to determine bactericidal activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, planktonic cells, as used in US Food and Drug Administration guidelines for testing contact lens disinfecting solutions, are much easier to kill than those in the biofilm. Few studies have determined the effectiveness of contact lens solutions on biofilms . There are no international standards for ability of contact lens solutions to prevent or disrupt biofilm formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods have been developed to assess presence of biofilm. The most commonly utilised technique is staining of biofilm with crystal violet (CV), followed by elution and determination of optical density (OD) . This has been used to examine presence of biofilm in contact lens cases, but there is no standardised method, so comparison between studies may be difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of prevention and disruption of biofilm in contact lens cases

Cho

Boost

2019

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose The presence of biofilm in the lens case has been shown to be a risk factor for contamination of lenses and consequently microbial keratitis. This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of solutions for rigid contact lenses in prevention and disruption of biofilm in lens cases and methods for biofilm detection. Method This study adopted a stepwise approach to evaluate effectiveness of four rigid lens disinfecting solutions against biofilm. These included two polyhexamethylene bigiuanide (PHMB) solutions and a chlorhexidine/PHMB‐based solution, as well as a novel povidone‐iodine formulation. The presence of biofilm following exposure to the solutions was assessed using both crystal violet (CV) staining and MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) viability assay, taking into account the effect of lens case design. Three lens case designs, conventional flat, large bucket type, and cylindrical cases, were investigated for the ability to trap stain and allow biofilm formation. Results Considerable differences were noted between solutions in their ability to prevent and disrupt biofilm (p < 0.001). Lens case design greatly influenced optical density (OD) measurements even in negative controls, as cylindrical cases trapped more stain, increasing OD readings. Correcting for this factor reduced variations, but could not differentiate between residues and biofilm. MTT assay revealed that both povidone‐iodine and chlorhexidine‐containing solutions could effectively kill > 95% of organisms, whilst PHMB‐based solutions were less effective with up to 55% of staphylococci and 41% of Pseudomonas surviving at 24 h. Conclusion Biofilm can rapidly form in lens cases and may not be killed by disinfecting solutions. Of the solutions tested, none were able to prevent biofilm formation or disrupt established biofilm, but those containing chlorhexidine or povidone iodine were able to penetrate the biofilm and kill organisms. Assessment of biofilm by CV assay may be confounded by lens case design. Whilst CV assay can demonstrate presence of biofilm, this technique should be accompanied by viability assay to determine bactericidal activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of prevention and disruption of biofilm in contact lens cases

Cho

Boost

2019

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…A crystal violet staining method was performed according to a previously published method (Cho, Shi, & Boost, 2015;Lee, Bae, Lee, & Lee, 2015;Quelemesa et al, 2015). A 96-well culture plate was incubated in a constant-temperature shaker for 24 hr.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, Antivirulence Activity, and Active Property Distribution of the Fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz

Han

et al. 2019

Journal of Food Science

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The fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz., or Tibet Olive, is widely used as a food supplement in China. It possesses some natural antimicrobial properties; however, its chemical composition and antivirulence effects have not been identified. In this work, 29 compounds were identified from the peel of T. chebula fruit by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Both the extract of T. chebula and its phenolic acid, corilagin, showed antivirulent activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Specifically, they inhibited biofilm formation. The half maximal inhibitory concentration was 0.13 and 3.18 µg/mL for the extract and corilagin, respectively, whereas for α‐hemolysin secretion, the respective concentrations were 30 and 10 µg/mL. Its mechanism of action may be due to reducing the transcription of genes related to quorum sensing. These genes included staphylococcal accessory regulator A, intercellular adhesion accessory gene regulator A, and RNAIII. These findings provide evidence that this food supplement could be an effective antivirulent with corilagin as its active ingredient. Practical Application Corilagin from the fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. may be used as an antibacterial for its antivirulent activity against Staphylococcus aureus

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“…Ocular devices such as intraocular lenses, posterior contact lenses, conjunctival plugs and orbital implants have aided in restoring and improving human vision. However, contamination of these devices with bacterial biofilms can lead to device-related ocular infections such as endophthalmitis, crystalline keratopathy, corneal ulceration, keratitis, lacrimal system, and periorbital infections ( Bispo et al, 2015 ; Cho et al, 2015 ). The National Institute of Health (NIH) estimates that biofilms contribute to about 75% of the human microbial infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Sponge-Derived Streptomyces sp. SBT343 Extract Inhibits Staphylococcal Biofilm Formation

et al. 2017

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Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are opportunistic pathogens that cause nosocomial and chronic biofilm-associated infections. Indwelling medical devices and contact lenses are ideal ecological niches for formation of staphylococcal biofilms. Bacteria within biofilms are known to display reduced susceptibilities to antimicrobials and are protected from the host immune system. High rates of acquired antibiotic resistances in staphylococci and other biofilm-forming bacteria further hamper treatment options and highlight the need for new anti-biofilm strategies. Here, we aimed to evaluate the potential of marine sponge-derived actinomycetes in inhibiting biofilm formation of several strains of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results from in vitro biofilm-formation assays, as well as scanning electron and confocal microscopy, revealed that an organic extract derived from the marine sponge-associated bacterium Streptomyces sp. SBT343 significantly inhibited staphylococcal biofilm formation on polystyrene, glass and contact lens surfaces, without affecting bacterial growth. The extract also displayed similar antagonistic effects towards the biofilm formation of other S. epidermidis and S. aureus strains tested but had no inhibitory effects towards Pseudomonas biofilms. Interestingly the extract, at lower effective concentrations, did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblast, macrophage and human corneal epithelial cell lines. Chemical analysis by High Resolution Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) of the Streptomyces sp. SBT343 extract proportion revealed its chemical richness and complexity. Preliminary physico-chemical characterization of the extract highlighted the heat-stable and non-proteinaceous nature of the active component(s). The combined data suggest that the Streptomyces sp. SBT343 extract selectively inhibits staphylococcal biofilm formation without interfering with bacterial cell viability. Due to absence of cell toxicity, the extract might represent a good starting material to develop a future remedy to block staphylococcal biofilm formation on contact lenses and thereby to prevent intractable contact lens-mediated ocular infections.

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Inhibitory Effects of 2,2′-Dipyridyl and 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-Galloyl-b-D-Glucopyranose on Biofilm Formation in Contact Lens Cases

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of prevention and disruption of biofilm in contact lens cases

Evaluation of prevention and disruption of biofilm in contact lens cases

Composition, Antivirulence Activity, and Active Property Distribution of the Fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz

Marine Sponge-Derived Streptomyces sp. SBT343 Extract Inhibits Staphylococcal Biofilm Formation

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