Abstract:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous and widespread human pathogen, which gives rise to a range of diseases, including cold sores, corneal blindness, and encephalitis. Currently, the use of nucleoside analogs, such as acyclovir and penciclovir, in treating HSV-1 infection often presents limitation due to their side effects and low efficacy for drug-resistance strains. Therefore, new anti-herpetic drugs and strategies should be urgently developed. Here, we reported that baicalein, a naturally der… Show more
“… Arjmand et al, 2020 , Lin et al, 2017 , Li et al, 2011 , Liu et al, 2004 , Liu et al, 2020 , Liu et al, 2019 , Lowe et al, 2017 , Luo et al, 2020 , Maggio and Corsini, 2020 , Magalhães et al, 1985 , Magrone et al, 2020 , Mani et al, 2020 , Mohammed et al, 2020 , Matsuyama et al, 2014 , Mecha et al, 2013 , Menezes‐Rodrigues et al, 2020 , Millet and Whittaker, 2018 , Millet et al, 2016 , Brodkiewicz et al, 2020 , Ming and Yin, 2013 , Nelson et al, 2003 , Mousavizadeh and Ghasemi, 2020 , Nikhat and Fazil, 2020 , O'Keefe et al, 2010 , Panraksa et al, 2017 , Pandey, 2011 , Park et al, 2013 , Park et al, 2017 , Calabrese et al, 2000 , Paris et al, 1994 , Patel et al, 2008 , Peng et al, 2000 , Perwitasari et al, 2015 , Rathinavel et al, 2020 , Rendina et al, 2014 , Cameron and Castro, 2001 , Rothan et al, 2019 , Roh, 2012 , Ryu et al, 2010b , Saavedra, 2020 , Sadaie et al, 2004 , Sahebkar et al, 2016 , Shaito et al, 2020 , Shao et al, 2013 , Shen et al, 1996 , Shin and Seong, 2017 , Shin et al, 2013 , Song and Choi, 2011 , Su et al, 2020 , Su et al, 2020 , Cao et al, 2013 , Tyagi et al, 2016 , Utsunomiya et al, 1997 , Vankadari and Wilce, 2020 , Wang et al, 2011 , Cao et al, 2013 ...…”
Currently, novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak creates global panic across the continents, as people from almost all countries and territories have been affected by this highly contagious viral disease. The scenario is deteriorating due to lack of proper & specific target-oriented pharmacologically safe prophylactic agents or drugs, and or any effective vaccine. drug development is urgently required to back in the normalcy in the community and to combat this pandemic. Thus, we have proposed two novel drug targets, Furin and TMPRSS2, as Covid-19 treatment strategy. We have highlighted this target-oriented novel drug delivery strategy, based on their pathophysiological implication on SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evident from earlier SARS-CoV-1, MERS, and influenza virus infection via host cell entry, priming, fusion, and endocytosis. An earlier study suggested that Furin and TMPRSS2 knockout mice had reduced level of viral load and a lower degree of organ damage such as the lung. The present study thus highlights the promise of some selected novel and potential anti-viral Phytopharmaceutical that bind to Furin and TMPRSS2 as target. As, few of them had shown promising anti-viral response in both preclinical and clinical study with acceptable therapeutic safety-index. Hence, this strategy may limit life-threatening Covid-19 infection and its mortality rate through nano-suspension based intra-nasal or oral nebulizer spray, to treat mild to moderate SARS-COV-2 infection, when Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor may initiate to express and activate for processing the virus to cause cellular infection by replication within the host cell.
“… Arjmand et al, 2020 , Lin et al, 2017 , Li et al, 2011 , Liu et al, 2004 , Liu et al, 2020 , Liu et al, 2019 , Lowe et al, 2017 , Luo et al, 2020 , Maggio and Corsini, 2020 , Magalhães et al, 1985 , Magrone et al, 2020 , Mani et al, 2020 , Mohammed et al, 2020 , Matsuyama et al, 2014 , Mecha et al, 2013 , Menezes‐Rodrigues et al, 2020 , Millet and Whittaker, 2018 , Millet et al, 2016 , Brodkiewicz et al, 2020 , Ming and Yin, 2013 , Nelson et al, 2003 , Mousavizadeh and Ghasemi, 2020 , Nikhat and Fazil, 2020 , O'Keefe et al, 2010 , Panraksa et al, 2017 , Pandey, 2011 , Park et al, 2013 , Park et al, 2017 , Calabrese et al, 2000 , Paris et al, 1994 , Patel et al, 2008 , Peng et al, 2000 , Perwitasari et al, 2015 , Rathinavel et al, 2020 , Rendina et al, 2014 , Cameron and Castro, 2001 , Rothan et al, 2019 , Roh, 2012 , Ryu et al, 2010b , Saavedra, 2020 , Sadaie et al, 2004 , Sahebkar et al, 2016 , Shaito et al, 2020 , Shao et al, 2013 , Shen et al, 1996 , Shin and Seong, 2017 , Shin et al, 2013 , Song and Choi, 2011 , Su et al, 2020 , Su et al, 2020 , Cao et al, 2013 , Tyagi et al, 2016 , Utsunomiya et al, 1997 , Vankadari and Wilce, 2020 , Wang et al, 2011 , Cao et al, 2013 ...…”
Currently, novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak creates global panic across the continents, as people from almost all countries and territories have been affected by this highly contagious viral disease. The scenario is deteriorating due to lack of proper & specific target-oriented pharmacologically safe prophylactic agents or drugs, and or any effective vaccine. drug development is urgently required to back in the normalcy in the community and to combat this pandemic. Thus, we have proposed two novel drug targets, Furin and TMPRSS2, as Covid-19 treatment strategy. We have highlighted this target-oriented novel drug delivery strategy, based on their pathophysiological implication on SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evident from earlier SARS-CoV-1, MERS, and influenza virus infection via host cell entry, priming, fusion, and endocytosis. An earlier study suggested that Furin and TMPRSS2 knockout mice had reduced level of viral load and a lower degree of organ damage such as the lung. The present study thus highlights the promise of some selected novel and potential anti-viral Phytopharmaceutical that bind to Furin and TMPRSS2 as target. As, few of them had shown promising anti-viral response in both preclinical and clinical study with acceptable therapeutic safety-index. Hence, this strategy may limit life-threatening Covid-19 infection and its mortality rate through nano-suspension based intra-nasal or oral nebulizer spray, to treat mild to moderate SARS-COV-2 infection, when Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor may initiate to express and activate for processing the virus to cause cellular infection by replication within the host cell.
Baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether, a bioactive flavonoid isolated for the first time from Alnus rugosa, was explored for its capability to relieve memory deficits and decrease oxidative stress. We examined the neuropharmacological effects of baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether on scopolamine (Sco)-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) anxiety, amnesia, and brain oxidative stress and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Anxiety-like behavior, exploratory behavior, and memory performance were measured using novel tank-diving test (NTT), Y-maze, and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. For 10 days, baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether (1, 3, and 5 µg/L) was administered through immersion, whereas Sco (100 μM) was delivered 30 min before behavioral tests. Treatment with baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether reduced anxiety and memory impairment, and increased exploratory behavior in specific tests, along with significant protection from neuronal oxidative stress in the brain tissue of Sco-treated zebrafish. Antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether in the Sco-induced zebrafish were further confirmed using in vivo assays. In Sco-treated zebrafish, baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether regulated cholinergic function by inhibiting AChE activity. Baicalein 5,6-dimethyl ether may be a promising candidate compound for treating anxiety and amnesia by restoring cholinergic activity and reducing brain oxidative stress, according to our findings.
“…A total of 100 flavonoids (56 free flavonoids and 44 flavonoid glycosides) have been isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis ( Wang et al, 2018 ), among which baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, and wogonoside ( Fig. 5 A) are the major components with broad-spectrum anti-viral effects active against H1N1 ( Zhi et al, 2019 ), Dengue virus ( Hassandarvish et al, 2016 ), HSV-1 ( Luo et al, 2020b ), and HBV ( Guo et al, 2007 ). Fig.…”
Section: Promising Crude Extracts From Chinese Herbal Medicines For Tmentioning
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