Inhibitory effects of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey on the expression of exoS and ampC genes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infections

Mohammadzamani, Zahra; Kazemi, Ahmad; Khaledi, Azad; Shakerimoghaddam, Ali; Moosavi, Gholam Abbas; Piroozmand, Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103946

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Additionally, cinnamaldehyde inhibits pathogenic bacterial growth by disrupting electron transport chains. The beneficial properties of these compounds can make them effective agents for overcoming antibiotic resistance [ 50 ]. Additionally, honey contains secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, which may contribute to its antibacterial properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial efficacy of indigenous Pakistani honey against extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: an alternative option to combat antimicrobial resistance

Ejaz

Sultan

Qamar

et al. 2023

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) poses a grave threat to public health due to increased mortality and morbidity caused by typhoid fever. Honey is a promising antibacterial agent, and we aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of honey against XDR S. Typhi. Methods We isolated 20 clinical isolates of XDR S. Typhi from pediatric septicemic patients and determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different antibiotics against the pathogens using the VITEK 2 Compact system. Antimicrobial-resistant genes carried by the isolates were identified using PCR. The antibacterial efficacy of five Pakistani honeys was examined using agar well diffusion assay, and their MICs and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined with the broth microdilution method. Results All 20 isolates were confirmed as S. Typhi. The antibiogram phenotype was confirmed as XDR S. Typhi with resistance to ampicillin (≥ 32 µg/mL), ciprofloxacin (≥ 4 µg/mL), and ceftriaxone (≥ 4 µg/mL) and sensitivity to azithromycin (≤ 16 µg/mL) and carbapenems (≤ 1 µg/mL). Molecular conformation revealed the presence of blaTM-1, Sul1, qnrS, gyrA, gyrB, and blaCTX-M-15 genes in all isolates. Among the five honeys, beri honey had the highest zone of inhibition of 7–15 mm and neem honey had a zone of inhibition of 7–12 mm. The MIC and MBC of beri honey against 3/20 (15%) XDR S. Typhi isolates were 3.125 and 6.25%, respectively, while the MIC and MBC of neem were 3.125 and 6.25%, respectively, against 3/20 (15%) isolates and 6.25 and 12.5%, respectively, against 7/20 (35%) isolates. Conclusion Indigenous honeys have an effective role in combating XDR S. Typhi. They are potential candidates for clinical trials as alternative therapeutic options against XDR S. Typhi isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial efficacy of indigenous Pakistani honey against extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: an alternative option to combat antimicrobial resistance

Ejaz

Sultan

Qamar

et al. 2023

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…Due to the multi-drug resistance nature of P. aeruginosa infections, these are currently treated using combinations of beta-lactams, uoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides (41). The diverse virulence factors also participate in the development and spread of the infection associated with higher health costs and mortality rates, as well as longer hospital stays and treatment courses (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mohammadzamani and colleagues (41) investigated the inhibitory effects of other alternatives to antibiotics which included, cinnamon (Cinnamaldehyde), thyme (Carvacrol), and honey on the expression of genes in 35 multiresistant P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from burn wound infections using a control antibiotic (Imipenem) for comparison. The ndings of the research (41) can somewhat be compared to authors' in vitro study as they too found honey to be useful as an alternative to antibiotic therapy. The study (41) however went a step further with their ndings and found that the minimum inhibitory concentration of a combination of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey was 100 times lower compared to that of the antibiotic tested (Imipenem).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of wound pH on the antibacterial properties of Medical Grade Honey when applied to bacteria present in foot and ankle post-surgical wounds

McArdle

Coyle

Santos

2023

Preprint

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Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are amongst the most troublesome complications following foot and ankle surgery (FAS) and have significant psychosocial and financial burden for both patients and the healthcare system. FAS has been reported to have higher than average post-surgical infections when compared to other orthopaedic subspecialties. Evidence also indicates that patients with diabetes and other co morbidities undergoing FAS are at a much greater risk of developing SSIs. Patients with SSIs face additional exposure to bacteria circulating in hospitals, which are always charged with microbial pathogens. With the growing challenges of antibiotic resistance and the increasingly high numbers of resilient bacteria to said antibiotics, the need for alternative antimicrobial therapies has become critical. Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the use of medical grade honey (MGH) when altered to environments typically present in wounds (pH6-8). Methods:MGH (Activon) was altered to pH 6, 7 and 8 and experimental inoculums of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCTC10782), Escherichia coli, (NCTC10418), Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC10655) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (NCTC 5955) were transferred into each pH adjusted MGH and TSB solution and the positive and negative controls. Results: MGH adjusted to various pH values had the ability to reduce bacteria cell survival in all pH variations for all bacteria tested, with the most bacterial reduction/elimination noted for Staphylococcus epidermidis. No correlations were noted among the pH environments investigated and the colony counts, for which there were small amounts of bacteria survived. Conclusion: This in vitro research would indicate that the antibacterial properties of honey remains the same regardless of the pH environment. MGH could therefore potentially be considered for use on non-infected post-surgical wounds to reduce the bacterial bioburden, the risk of SSIs and ultimately to improve healing outcomes.

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“…The combination of honey obtained from Damavand district Iran, with sub-MIC concentrations of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol had greater antibacterial activity than honey alone against suspensions of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. 41 Honeydew honey (100%) supplemented with vitamin C (100mg/g of honey) had superior antibiofilm activity than honey alone and caused clearance of all the bacterial species within the biofilm after 48 hours. Vitamin C is reported to have antibacterial activity and the authors suggested that the antibacterial effects of honey and vitamin C combination may be due to increased production of reactive oxygen species in bacterial cells.…”

Section: Honey and Other Natural Agents: In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

<p>Honey Combination Therapies for Skin and Wound Infections: A Systematic Review of the Literature</p>

McLoone¹,

Tabys²,

Fyfe³

2020

CCID

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Topical application of medical grade honey is recommended for the clinical management of wound infections. The suitability of honey as a wound healing agent is largely due to its antibacterial activity, immune modulatory properties, and biocompatibility. Despite the usefulness of honey in wound healing, chronic wound infections continue to be a global problem requiring new and improved therapeutic interventions. Several recent studies have investigated the effects of combining honey with other therapies or agents with the aim of finding more efficacious treatments. In this systematic review, the database PubMed was used to carry out a search of the scientific literature on the combined effects of honey and other therapies on antimicrobial activity and wound and skin healing. The search revealed that synergistic or additive antimicrobial effects were observed in vitro when honey was combined with antibiotics, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, natural agents, eg, ginger or propolis and other treatment approaches such as the use of chitosan hydrogel. Outcomes depended on the type of honey, the combining agent or treatment and the microbial species or strain. Improved wound healing was also observed in vivo in mice when honey was combined with laser therapy or bacteriophage therapy. More clinical studies in humans are required to fully understand the effectiveness of honey combination therapies for the treatment of skin and wound infections.

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Inhibitory effects of Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, and honey on the expression of exoS and ampC genes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wound infections

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Antibacterial efficacy of indigenous Pakistani honey against extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: an alternative option to combat antimicrobial resistance

Antibacterial efficacy of indigenous Pakistani honey against extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: an alternative option to combat antimicrobial resistance

The impact of wound pH on the antibacterial properties of Medical Grade Honey when applied to bacteria present in foot and ankle post-surgical wounds

<p>Honey Combination Therapies for Skin and Wound Infections: A Systematic Review of the Literature</p>

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