Inhibitory effects of deer antler aqua-acupuncture, the pilose antler of Cervus korean TEMMINCK var. mantchuricus Swinhoe, on type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats

Protective and anti-arthritic effects of deer antler aqua-acupuncture (DAA), inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, on phosphate ions-mediated chondrocyte apoptosis and rat collagen-induced arthritis

“…In a previous paper [13], DAA inhibited production of IL1h and TNF-a from macrophages in response to in vivo stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharides when the extract was administered into mice once a day for 7 days, suggesting that the DAA administered orally into the patients inhibits cytokine production from both T cells and macrophages and potent effects on RA. In addition, it was clearly demonstrated that the DAA strongly inhibits T-cell activation including blastogenesis and cytokine production in response to antigenic stimulation in vitro.…”

“…In addition, it was clearly demonstrated that the DAA strongly inhibits T-cell activation including blastogenesis and cytokine production in response to antigenic stimulation in vitro. Furthermore, macrophage activation was also suppressed by the DAA extract [13]. As B-cells are also critically important in the severity and length of the diseases, the influence of DAA on B cell function was also examined.…”

“…For i.p. injection into rats, randomly selected tablets were ground and suspended in normal saline at a concentration of 50 Ag/10 Al [13]. DAA were administrated by bilateral Shinsu(B23) acupuncture to rats at dosages of 10, 20, 30 and 100 Ag/kg rat, being the day before the initiation of the arthritis for 8 days to 2 weeks.…”

“…mantchuricus Swinhoe (Nokyong), is a traditional Korean animal grown in south Korea and has long been recognized as one of the most effective and powerful invigorants, as well as an enhancer of systemic resistance to infectious diseases [13]. DAA by water boiling methods, has been widely used in the treatment of some immune-related diseases, especially RA and satisfactory results are obtained [1,2].…”

Establishment and Selection of Indicator Materials for Cervi Parvum Cornu Pharmacopuncture

“…Several studies of Cervi Parvum Cornu pharmacopuncture have reported it to be effective in reducing the symptom severity of arthritis [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and osteoporosis [15][16][17][18][19], in aging [20,21] and growth disorders [22,23]. Other studies have shown that Cervi Parvum Cornu pharmacopuncture increased levels of antioxidant enzymes [20,21], promoted hormone production [24], helped to regulate the autonomic nervous system [25,26], had anticancer effects [27,28], and enhanced immune function [29].…”