Inhibitory Effects of Deoxynivalenol on Gastric Secretion in Rats

Abstract

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin produced by Fusarium sp. in cereals and foods. Ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs can cause digestive disorders in various animals. Many researchers focus on its toxicity and the pathological damage and absorptive function in the intestines. However, the effect of DON on gastric function is still unclear. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the impact of DON on gastric secretion. Rats were gavaged with DON at the dose of 0, 1, 5, and 25 mg/kg of body weight (bw). Gastric fluids were gathered by pylorus ligation 0.5 h after DON exposure. The results indicate that the volume of gastric fluid decreased by 25, 51, and 61% compared with the control, respectively. The pH increased to 3.2, 3.81, and 6.65 in the 1, 5, and 25 mg/kg bw DON group, compared with the control (1.9). To examine the mucosal injuries, the stomach tissues were made into hematoxylin and eosin slides. Histopathology observations suggest that no mucosal lesions were observed until DON exposure at 25 mg/kg bw. Additionally, the gastrin secretion in the fluids and mRNA expression in tissues were determined by the radioimmunoassay and real-time PCR assay, respectively. The results indicated that both significantly decreased in DON-exposed rats compared with the control. Taken together, DON exposure reduced gastric secretion in rats. Low gastrin secretion and mRNA expression play a major role, unless mucosal lesions by high DON exposure are present.

Deoxynivalenol in the liver and lymphoid organs of rats: effects of dose and duration on immunohistological changes

“…DON has been associated with a spectrum of adverse effects that includes anorexia, growth suppression, emesis, nausea, neuroendocrine changes, and immunosuppression (Pestka, 2010;Pinton and Oswald, 2014). Surprisingly, there are few studies focusing on the histological parameters due to the effects of DON in rats (Abdel-Wahhab et al, 2015;Arnold et al, 1986a;Wang et al, 2014), and no reports have analysed the immunohistochemical changes.…”

A Novel Peptide-Binding Motifs Inference Approach to Understand Deoxynivalenol Molecular Toxicity

“…A reduction in the expression of tight junction proteins claudin-3 and claudin-4 has also been documented for the IPEC-1 cell line when exposed to DON, along with increases in the level of phosphorylated MAPKs ERK 1/2, p38, and JNK proteins [ 20 ]. Furthermore, histological investigations show that DON-exposed piglets experience jejunum villus atrophy and that rats experience significant reductions in gastric secretions and subsequent increases in gut pH when gavaged with DON [ 20 , 33 ]. These negative effects on the gastrointestinal tract collectively lead to secondary-pathogen exposure and decreased nutrient absorption due to increased permeability.…”

Effect of deoxynivalenol on inflammatory injury on the glandular stomach in chick embryos

“…This damage induces an inflammatory response ( Becker et al, 2011 ), leading to digestive dysfunction ( Antonissen et al, 2015 ), slow intestinal transport, and a reduction in intestinal nutrient absorption ( Wache et al, 2009 ; Dietrich et al, 2012 ). Several reports of the toxic effects of DON on the stomach have shown that DON damages the gastric mucosa and inhibits the digestive function of the stomach ( Wang et al, 2014 ; Danicke et al, 2017 ; Serviento et al, 2018 ). However, few studies have reported the toxic injury exerted by DON on the avian glandular stomach.…”