Initial conceptual demonstration of control co-design for WEC optimization

Coe, Ryan G.; Bacelli, Giorgio; Olson, Sterling; Neary, Vincent S.; Topper, Mathew

doi:10.36227/techrxiv.12928898

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…WecOptTool, devoloped by Sandia National Laboratories, is an open source code intended to carry out frequency-dependent performance analyses and optimization studies of WEC devices, including control strategies of different nature and considering the actuation constraints of the PTO system. A demonstration of the application of the WecOptTool to the frequency-dependent analysis of a WaveBot WEC is presented in the work by Coe et al [62]. The consideration of the frequency-dependent dynamics of the point absorber is essential to conduct a realistic analysis, since the excitation forces induced by the waves and the response of the device do not relate linearly for the whole frequency spectrum of the waves.…”

Section: Wave Energy Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the control strategy of the WEC (aimed to regulate the performance of the point absorber), a PseudoSpectral (PS) control strategy has been selected in this paper, applied by a generic PTO system. The PS controller [62] is based on the resolution of an optimization problem, in which the dynamics of the point absorber model, the motion of the WEC and the constraints corresponding to the maximum in heave displacement z max and maximum PTO force f PTOmax are considered. The objective of the optimization problem is to maximize the power absorption of the WEC, while not exceeding the performance constraints.…”

Section: Wave Energy Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal strategies of deployment of far offshore co-located wind-wave energy farms

Saenz‐Aguirre

Sáenz

Ulazia

et al. 2022

Energy Conversion and Management

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The most profitable offshore energy resources are usually found away from the coast. Nevertheless, the accessibility and grid integration in those areas are more complicated. To avoid this problematic, large scale hydrogen production is being promoted for far offshore applications. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the ability of wave energy converters to maximize hydrogen production in hybrid wind and wave far offshore farms. To that end, wind and wave resource data are obtained from ERA5 for different locations in the Atlantic ocean and a Maximum Covariance Analysis is proposed for the selection of the most representative locations. Furthermore, the suitability of different sized wave energy converters for auxiliary hydrogen production in the far offshore wind farms is also analysed. On that account, the hydrodynamic parameters of the oscillating bodies are obtained via simulations with a Boundary Element Method based code and their operation is modelled using the software tool Matlab. The combination of both methodologies enables to perform a realistic assessment of the contribution of the wave energy converters to the hydrogen generation of an hybrid energy farm, especially during those periods when the wind turbines would be stopped due to the variability of the wind. The obtained results show a considerable hydrogen generation capacity of the wave energy converters, up to 6.28% of the wind based generation, which could remarkably improve the efficiency of the far offshore farm and bring important economical profit. Wave energy converters are observed to be most profitable in those farms with low covariance between wind and waves, where the disconnection times of the wind turbines are prone to be more prolonged but the wave energy is still usable. In such cases, a maximum of 101.12 h of equivalent rated production of the wind turbine has been calculated to be recovered by the wave energy converters.

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Section: Wave Energy Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wave Energy Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal strategies of deployment of far offshore co-located wind-wave energy farms

Saenz‐Aguirre

Sáenz

Ulazia

et al. 2022

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…As for the hydrokinetic energy devices, Naik and Vermillion [8] developed a CCD framework for optimizing an energy-harvesting ocean kite subject to structural constraints. Coe et al [9] conducted a conceptual demonstration of control co-design for wave energy converter (WEC). As for the HKT, the application of CCD is still at an early age, with no control co-designed systems reported in the open literature to the best knowledge of the authors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Co-design of a Hydrokinetic Turbine with Open-loop Optimal Control

Jiang¹,

Amini²,

Liao³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This paper introduces a control co-design (CCD) framework to simultaneously explore the physical parameters and control spaces for a hydro-kinetic turbine (HKT) rotor optimization. The optimization formulation incorporates a coupled dynamichydrodynamic model to maximize the rotor power efficiency for various time-variant flow profiles. The open-loop optimal control is applied for maximum power tracking, and the blade element momentum theory (BEMT) is used to model the hydrodynamics. Case studies with different control constraints are investigated for CCD. Sensitivity analyses were conducted with respect to different flow profiles and initial geometries. Comparisons are made between CCD and the sequential process, with physical design followed by a control design process under the same conditions. The results demonstrate the benefits of CCD and reveal that, with control constraints, CCD leads to increased energy production compared to the design obtained from the sequential design process.

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“…However, power losses that occur during the power transmission and power generation stages significantly affect the real power production of the WEC [1]. Therefore, focusing only on hydrodynamic performance and mechanical power may mislead design solutions [7], lead to ineffective control algorithms [8] and unrealistic expectations from a device [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of drivetrain optimisation to maximise electrical power from wave energy converters

Sergiienko

Silva

Ding

et al. 2021

IET Renewable Power Gen

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This article demonstrates the benefits of optimising the drivetrain to improve the level and quality of electrical power output from a wave energy converter. The study considers a spherical buoy connected to a permanent magnet synchronous generator through a mechanical drive. The wave energy converter is equipped with a model predictive control system that maximises electrical power from the generator. Three different scenarios are compared: (i) when the drivetrain is not optimised, (ii) when only the gear ratio is optimised, (iii) and when both gear ratio and flywheel inertia are optimised. The performance of all three configurations is compared in terms of their effect on the generator operating range, the natural frequency of the system, the amount of generated electrical power, and control forces. The results demonstrate that the drivetrain optimisation leads to a significant increase in the electrical power output while shifting the generator's operating range to areas with the highest efficiency. Moreover, drivetrain designs that utilise a flywheel reduce the power take-off loads and facilitate smoother power production.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Initial conceptual demonstration of control co-design for WEC optimization

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Optimal strategies of deployment of far offshore co-located wind-wave energy farms

Optimal strategies of deployment of far offshore co-located wind-wave energy farms

Control Co-design of a Hydrokinetic Turbine with Open-loop Optimal Control

Importance of drivetrain optimisation to maximise electrical power from wave energy converters

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