Initial Fuel Temperature Effects on Flame Spread over Aviation Kerosene in Low- and High-Altitude Environments

Li, Manhou; Lu, Shouxiang; Guo, Jin; Chen, Ruiyu; Tsui, Kwok Leung

doi:10.1007/s10694-014-0395-4

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The spread of a liquid fire is divided into a gas‐phase controlling regime and a liquid‐phase controlling regime 13 . For the gas‐phase controlling regime, the flame spreads in the form of premixed combustion in the absence of liquid convection, and the main heat flux comes from the gas radiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spread of a liquid fire is divided into a gas-phase controlling regime and a liquid-phase controlling regime. 13 For the gas-phase controlling regime, the flame spreads in the form of premixed combustion in the absence of liquid convection, and the main heat flux comes from the gas radiation. For the liquid-phase controlling regime, the heat transfer process mainly includes liquid convection, gas convection, and flame radiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Inhibition behavior and heat transfer of flame spread over liquid fuel with the influence of a step obstacle in the gas phase

Yang,

Hu,

et al. 2023

Process Safety Progress

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The transportation of oil is an important aspect of chemical process safety. In the accidental leakage of oil and related products, the flame spread occurs occasionally when the liquid fuel is activated by a pilot flame. In the potential application of fire prevention, a step obstacle placed above the oil ditch may effectively hinder the flame spread. The effectiveness of the usage of a step obstacle depends on the size of the obstacle and the heat exchange mechanism. Therefore, the investigation of inhibition behavior and heat transfer of liquid flame spread with gas step obstacle is performed. The hot fluids flow inside the channel to carry out the convection heat to the initial cold oils on the opposite of the gas step obstacle. The flame configuration is blocked behind the step obstacle. The flame spread behaviors including flame morphology, inhibition time, and air entrainment are characterized and analyzed. The heat flows of flame radiation and liquid‐phase convection are theoretically calculated, and the primary heat transfer mechanism is determined. This work is helpful for the development of fire safety technology and the establishment of standard specifications for oil transportation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition behavior and heat transfer of flame spread over liquid fuel with the influence of a step obstacle in the gas phase

Yang,

Hu,

et al. 2023

Process Safety Progress

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“…19 The path-integrated soot volume fraction was proportional to 1.0-1.2 power of pressure for the methane-air and ethylene-air flames. 20 In the high altitude regions, the burning conditions are typically low air pressure and low oxygen concentration, 21,22 so the soot formation differs from that at the ordinary air pressure (1 atm). The maximum value of optical extinction decreased by a factor of 2.7 ± 0.2 (polyurethane foam fire) or 2.2 ± 0.2 (n-heptane fire) as pressure decreased from 970 to 710 mbar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols of heptane fire at low pressures

Yang

Wang

et al. 2021

Fire and Materials

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The number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols are imperative parameters in fire detection which is closely related to safety management, risk assessment, and fire analysis. The experiment of n-heptane pool fire is conducted in a pressure chamber which simulates the 101, 90.9, 80.8, 70.7, 60.6, and 50.5 kPa environments. The influence of air pressure on the number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols is investigated. The DMS500 fast particulate analyzer is used to analyze the number concentration and size distribution of gas samples. Both the geometric mean diameter and count median diameter of smoke particles increases with pressure. A second-order polynomial equation with correlation coefficient of 0.99 is fitted to the geometric mean diameter of particles against pressure.The particle number concentration is significantly decreased when pressure is reduced according to a linear relationship with correlation coefficient of 0.92. The environmental pressure puts influence on the soot optical properties that affect fire smoke detection technologies used in the regions of different altitudes or air pressures.

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“…However, the above Formulas to cannot accurately reflect the relationship between the flame tilt angle and the fire position. Although Li et al studied the different characteristics of flame spread over the surface of a pool, but these characteristics in relation to the tilt angle were not analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of transient heat release rate and crosswind on flame length and tilt angle of flames at different positions in the spread of fire over a diesel pool

Wang

Dong

et al. 2018

Fire and Materials

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Summary The spread of fire over liquid fuel is a common phenomenon, and it has been demonstrated experimentally that the flame length and tilt angle change with the transient heat release rate and different positions of the flame. The coupling relationship between these factors is studied in this paper. The experiments are composed of a rectangular pool with dimensions of 80 cm × 6 cm × 5 cm and crosswind with speeds of 0.8 to 2.4 m/s. Diesel is used as the fuel, and a new method is applied to ensure that the initial temperature of the diesel is constant during ignition. The results show that the traditional method of luminous flame intermittency may not be suitable for studying the geometric characteristics of the spread of fire over a pool, and a new method is proposed. In addition, the transient variation of flame length in different positions of the pool is shown to fluctuate around a mean flame length. The evolution of flame tilt angle along the longitudinal direction of the pool exhibits a U‐shaped curve. Moreover, the multivariate nonlinear relationships of mean flame length and tilt angle among the heat release rate, fire position, and wind speed are established, and relevant coefficients are determined.

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Initial Fuel Temperature Effects on Flame Spread over Aviation Kerosene in Low- and High-Altitude Environments

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Inhibition behavior and heat transfer of flame spread over liquid fuel with the influence of a step obstacle in the gas phase

Inhibition behavior and heat transfer of flame spread over liquid fuel with the influence of a step obstacle in the gas phase

Number concentration and size distribution of soot aerosols of heptane fire at low pressures

The effects of transient heat release rate and crosswind on flame length and tilt angle of flames at different positions in the spread of fire over a diesel pool

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