Initial investigation of microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) in a low temperature water distribution system

Emde, Karen M.E.; Smith, Daniel; Facey, Roderick M.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(92)90216-q

Cited by 94 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…et al) belonging to these genera had the ability to reduce ferric iron to ferrous iron, known as IRB. 8,[28][29][30][31][32] In the present study, Bacillus and Pseudomonas mainly existed in the top layers of the samples at 76 and 163 days, and the highest abundances were present in the sample of 163 days (T).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Bacterial Communities At Different Opsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Bacteria associated with iron corrosion include sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB), iron-reducing bacteria (IRB), and iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB). [8][9][10] It has been reported that some bacteria within a biolm could precipitate certain authigenic iron minerals, and thus inuence the composition of corrosion scales. 11 Research by Lytle et al also found that the sulde produced by SRB could affect the iron geochemistry of the corrosion scales in DWDSs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation and release behavior of iron corrosion products under the influence of bacterial communities in a simulated water distribution system

Sun

Shi

Lytle

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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To understand the formation and release behavior of iron corrosion products in a drinking water distribution system, annular reactors (ARs) were used to investigate the development processes of corrosion products and biofilm community as well as the concomitant iron release behavior. Results showed that the formation and transformation of corrosion products and bacterial community are closely related to each other. The presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB, e.g. Desulfovibrio and Desulfotomaculum), sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB, e.g. Sulfuricella), and iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB, e.g. Acidovorax, Gallionella, Leptothrix, and Sphaerotilus) in biofilms could speed up iron corrosion; however, iron-reducing bacteria (IRB, e.g. Bacillus, Clostridium, and Pseudomonas) could inhibit iron corrosion and iron release. Corrosion scales on iron coupons could develop into a two-layered structure (top layer and inner layer) with time. The relatively stable constituents such as goethite (a-FeOOH) and magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) mainly existed in the top layers, while green rust (Fe 6 (OH) 12 CO 3 ) mainly existed in the inner layers. The IOB (especially Acidovorax) contributed to the formation of a-FeOOH, while IRB and the anaerobic conditions could facilitate the formation of Fe 3 O 4 . Compared with the AR test without biofilms, the iron corrosion rate with biofilms was relatively higher (p < 0.05) during the whole experimental period, but the iron release with biofilms was obviously lower both at the initial stage and after 3 months. Biofilm and corrosion scale samples formed under different water supply conditions in an actual drinking water distribution system verified the relationships between the bacterial community and corrosion products. Environmental impactIron pipe corrosion and the release of corrosion products could greatly affect the integrity of water distribution infrastructure and the safety of drinking water at consumer ends. Corrosion scales formed by the accumulation of corrosion products under different water supply conditions had different morphological and compositional characteristics, which are closely associated with the processes of iron corrosion and release. Biolms developed on the internal surface of distribution pipes could play crucial roles in corrosion reactions and the composition of corrosion scales. Therefore, understanding the effects of bacterial community structure on the iron corrosion, iron release and associated corrosion by-products could provide scientic support for drinking water quality and distribution infrastructure maintenance.

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Section: Characteristics Of the Bacterial Communities At Different Opsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation and release behavior of iron corrosion products under the influence of bacterial communities in a simulated water distribution system

Sun

Shi

Lytle

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…For L1 and L2, the bacterial communities of Pipe-SW2 scales from collection site, samples collected under high LR and stagnation were rather similar, with IRB being the dominant community (43.0e64.1%), which included Bacillus, Clostridium, Escherichia, Pseudomonas and Shewanella. The iron reducing function of these genera had been reported by many researchers (Emde et al, 1992;Weber et al, 2006;Herrera and Videla, 2009). The minor communities of original Pipe-SW2 scales and its corresponding L1 and L2 scale samples included IOB, NRB and APB, meanwhile, small fraction (<0.1%) of SOB (Alicyclobacillus, Sulfuricella, Sulfuricurvum, Sulfurospirillum and Thiobacillus) and SRB (Desulfosporosinus, Desulfovibrio and Desulfurivibrio) were observed in the above scale samples.…”

Section: Transformation Of Corrosion Related Bacterial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 35 d stagnation, the THS and PCL scale had a higher fraction of NRB (40.3% and 34.1%). It is well known that SRB are the most principal microorganism which induces iron corrosion/degradation (Emde et al, 1992;Iwona and Christine, 1999). Nitrification may also promote corrosion, as this process results in pH dropping, which increases the solubility of most metal minerals commonly found in corrosion scale (White et al, 2011).…”

Section: Transformation Of Corrosion Related Bacterial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sulfate on the transformation of corrosion scale composition and bacterial community in cast iron water distribution pipes

et al. 2014

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t r a c tThe chemical stability of iron corrosion scales and the microbial community of biofilm in drinking water distribution system (DWDS) can have great impact on the iron corrosion and corrosion product release, which may result in "red water" issues, particularly under the situation of source water switch. In this work, experimental pipe loops were set up to investigate the effect of sulfate on the dynamical transformation characteristics of iron corrosion products and bacterial community in old cast iron distribution pipes. All the test pipes were excavated from existing DWDS with different source water supply histories, and the test water sulfate concentration was in the range of 50e350 mg/L. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA was used for bacterial community analysis. The results showed that iron release increased markedly and even "red water" occurred for pipes with groundwater supply history when feed water sulfate elevated abruptly. However, the iron release of pipes with only surface water supply history changed slightly without noticeable color even the feed water sulfate increased multiply. The thick-layered corrosion scales (or densely distributed tubercles) on pipes with surface water supply history possessed much higher stability due to the larger proportion of stable constituents (mainly Fe 3 O 4 ) in their top shell layer; instead, the rather thin and uniform non-layered corrosion scales on pipes with groundwater supply history contained relatively higher proportion of less stable iron oxides (e.g. b-FeOOH, FeCO 3 and green rust). The less stable corrosion scales tended to be more stable with sulfate increase, which was evidenced by the gradually decreased iron release and the increased stable iron oxides. Bacterial community analysis indicated that when switching to high sulfate water, iron reducing bacteria (IRB) maintained dominant for pipes with stable corrosion scales, while significant increase of sulfur oxidizing bacteria (SOB), sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) and iron oxidizing bacteria (IOB) was observed for pipes with less stable corrosion scales.ª 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ86 10 62849138; fax: þ86 10 62923541. E-mail addresses: byshi@rcees.ac.cn, shibaoyou@yahoo.com (B. Shi).Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.else vier.com/locate /wa tres w a t e r r e s e a r c h 5 9 ( 2 0 1 4 ) 4 6 e5 7http://dx

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“…A thorough knowledge of the causes of microbially influenced corrosion and an efficient and effective means of detecting and preventing corrosion are lacking. It is well recognized that microorganisms are a major cause of corrosion of metal pipes, but despite decades of study it is still not known with certainty how many species of microorganisms contribute to corrosion, how to reliably detect their presence prior to corrosion events, or how to rapidly assess the efficacy of biocides and mitigation procedures (2,5,17,18,23,30,42,43,54).Investigations of microbial species present in gas industry pipelines have traditionally relied upon the use of samples obtained from pipelines to grow bacterial cultures in the laboratory (42). Laboratory growth media cannot accurately reflect the true conditions within pipelines, and microbiologists have recognized that the vast majority of microbial species cannot currently be grown in the laboratory (35, 61); thus, culture-dependent approaches underestimate the biocomplexity of microbial communities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of Microbial Communities in Gas Industry Pipelines

Zhu

Lubeck

Kilbane

2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

141

102

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Culture-independent techniques, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, and random cloning of 16S rRNA gene sequences amplified from community DNA were used to determine the diversity of microbial communities in gas industry pipelines. Samples obtained from natural gas pipelines were used directly for DNA extraction, inoculated into sulfate-reducing bacterium medium, or used to inoculate a reactor that simulated a natural gas pipeline environment. The variable V2-V3 (average size, 384 bp) and V3-V6 (average size, 648 bp) regions of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes, respectively, were amplified from genomic DNA isolated from nine natural gas pipeline samples and analyzed. A total of 106 bacterial 16S rDNA sequences were derived from DGGE bands, and these formed three major clusters: beta and gamma subdivisions of Proteobacteria and gram-positive bacteria. The most frequently encountered bacterial species was Comamonas denitrificans, which was not previously reported to be associated with microbial communities found in gas pipelines or with microbially influenced corrosion. The 31 archaeal 16S rDNA sequences obtained in this study were all related to those of methanogens and phylogenetically fall into three clusters: order I, Methanobacteriales; order III, Methanomicrobiales; and order IV, Methanosarcinales. Further microbial ecology studies are needed to better understand the relationship among bacterial and archaeal groups and the involvement of these groups in the process of microbially influenced corrosion in order to develop improved ways of monitoring and controlling microbially influenced corrosion.Corrosion is a leading cause of pipe failure and is a main component of the operating and maintenance costs of gas industry pipelines (3,10,18,23,30,31,(42)(43)(44)54). Quantifying the cost of corrosion generally, and more specifically the cost associated with microbial corrosion, in the gas industry is not easily done and is controversial. Pipeline corrosion was estimated in 1996 to cost the gas industry about $840 million/year (10), and in 2001 it was estimated that the annual cost of all forms of corrosion to the oil and gas industries was $13.4 billion, of which microbially influenced corrosion accounted for about $2 billion (31). While it is well recognized that chemical and microbial mechanisms both contribute to corrosion, it is uncertain what the relative contribution of microbial activity to overall pipe corrosion is. It has been estimated that 40% of all internal pipeline corrosion in the gas industry can be attributed to microbial corrosion (23, 44), but data are needed to confirm or revise this estimate. Basic research to increase our understanding of the microbial species involved in microbial corrosion and their interactions with metal surfaces and with other microorganisms will be the basis for the development of new approaches for the detection, monitoring, and control of microbial corrosion. A thorough knowledge of the causes of microbially influenced corrosion and an effici...

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Initial investigation of microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) in a low temperature water distribution system

Cited by 94 publications

References 8 publications

Formation and release behavior of iron corrosion products under the influence of bacterial communities in a simulated water distribution system

Formation and release behavior of iron corrosion products under the influence of bacterial communities in a simulated water distribution system

Effect of sulfate on the transformation of corrosion scale composition and bacterial community in cast iron water distribution pipes

Characterization of Microbial Communities in Gas Industry Pipelines

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