Initial Management and Clinical Investigation of Neonatal Ruminants

House, John K.; Gunn, Alison A.; Chuck, Gemma; Chigerwe, Munashe

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-55445-9.00019-7

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Physical examination included evaluation from a distance plus a hands-on examination, focusing on physical appearance, body weight, body condition, head, mouth, eyes, ears, neck and back, thorax, abdomen, umbilicus, musculoskeletal system, perianal region, body temperature, feces, urine, and external genitalia ( 15 ). Milk intake was also recorded throughout the whole study period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Preventing Calves' Diarrhea

et al. 2022

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The aims of the present study were to evaluate the preventive and the therapeutic effect of Stodi® as phytogenic feed additive rich in phenolic substances on the calf diarrhea, during the first 24 days of life. A total of 40 calves were included and randomly divided into Group C (control group) and Group T (treated group) with placebo or treatment administration started from the third day of life (T0). Calves belonged to group C received 2 L of warm water, while the calves assigned to group T received 2L of warm water plus 30 g of Stodi®. Solutions administration was maintained until day 21 (T21) that was the end of the experimental period. Calves were weighed at T0 and T21 to assess the average daily gain (ADG). Physical examination and fecal score evaluation were performed daily. The duration of a diarrheic episode, the age of the first diarrhea outbreak (TDE) and the frequency of diarrheic episodes were recorded. Complete blood count, methemoglobin and liver enzymes were evaluated at T0 and at T21 in all the calves by spectrophotometer and clinical chemistry analysis, respectively. Data were analyzed using a mixed model. A Chi-square and a Mann-Whitney test were also performed. No difference was found for ADG between the groups. The difference of mean age at TDE was not statistically significant between C and T group. The number of calves with diarrhea in the C group tended to be higher than that of T group (p = 0.13). Calves in group C spent more days with clinical sign of diarrhea compared to group T (p = 0.016). Complete blood count, methemoglobin and liver enzymes were within the reference ranges. The feed additive Stodi® seemed to be effective in shortening neonatal diarrhea episodes in calves thanks to the administration of 30 g per day of product. The fixed dosage of Stodi® used in our study did not show a preventive effect to reduce the incidence of calf diarrhea.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Phytogenic Feed Additive in Preventing Calves' Diarrhea

et al. 2022

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Effects of dietary feed supplementation of heat-treated <i>Lactobacillus sakei</i> HS-1 on the health status, blood parameters, and fecal microbes of Japanese Black calves

et al. 2020

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This study investigated the effect of heat-killed Lactobacillus sakei HS-1 (HK-LS HS-1) on the health and fecal bacteriological change of suckling Japanese Black calves as a supplement in milk replacers. Twelve calves were separated from dams to calf-hatch after calving for milk replacers feeding. They were randomly assigned to an HK-LS HS-1 supplement or a control without HK-LS HS-1 group in milk replacers. HK-LS HS-1 was administered from separation day to 3 weeks. Blood and fecal samples were examined. Two calves with a haptoglobin concentration of >500 µg/ml on day 0 were excluded from the experiment, and 10 calves were finally included. Glucose and vitamin A levels on day 7 were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the supplement group than in the control group. No significant differences were observed in haptoglobin or serum amyloid A between the groups. The number of Escherichia coli in feces was lower in the control group than in the supplement group on day 21 (P=0.06). No difference was observed in the number of bifidobacteria, but that of lactic acid bacteria was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the supplement group on day 21. The number of medications administered was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the supplement group (5.2±3.9) than in the control group (10.6±5.9) during the experimental period. The results indicated that HK-LS HS-1 is potentially beneficial for improving intestinal microbes and reducing the number of medical treatments.

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