Initial Stages of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Transformation by Microorganisms

Zaripov, S. A.; Naumov, A. V.; Suvorova, Elena S.; Garusov, A. V.; Naumova, R. P.

doi:10.1023/b:mici.0000036983.04480.19

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…to grow in the presence of TNT and transform it. In another similar screening study involving Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, the former were found to be more efficient [18,19]. However, in agreement with Kalafut et al [17], Bacillus SF (a Gram positive bacterium) was shown to be more efficient in degrading TNT than Pseudomonas (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Incorporation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) transforming bacteria into explosive formulations

Nyanhongo

Aichernig

Ortner

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Incorporation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) transforming bacteria into explosive formulations

Nyanhongo

Aichernig

Ortner

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Similar results for the degradation of ANTs with UV-Fenton systems have been described earlier (Schmidt and Butte 1999). Various biological processes are known to convert TNT to the isomeric 2-and 4-ADNT as well as further on to the 2,4-and 2,6-DANT (Esteve-Nú ñ ez et al 2001; Lewis et al 1998;Yin et al 2005;Zaripov et al 2004), which now suggest a combined biological/chemical procedure as an ecologically and economically favorable remediation technique for TNT contaminated ground and surface water. In a recent publication we have described such a suitable biological system for TNT reduction using a mixed culture sludge from an ordinary sewage plant which showed complete conversion of TNT within 4 h or less (Krö ger et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Combined biological–chemical procedure for the mineralization of TNT

Kröger

Fels

2006

Biodegradation

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Contamination of ground and surface water with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its biological and chemical transformation products are a persisting problem at former TNT production sites. We have investigated the photochemical degradation of TNT and its aminodinitro-(ADNT) and diaminonitrotoluene (DANT) metabolites using OH-radical generating systems like Fenton and hydrogen peroxide irradiated with UV, in order to compare the degradation and mineralization rate of ADNT- and DANT-isomers with TNT itself. As a result, we find that the aminoderivatives were mineralized much faster than TNT. Consequently, as ADNTs and DANTs are the known dead-end products of biological TNT degradations, we have combined our photochemical procedure with a preceding biological treatment of TNT by a mixed culture from sludge of a sewage plant. This consecutive degradation procedure, however, shows a reduced mineralization rate of the ADNTa and DANTs in the biologically derived supernatant as compared to the pure substances, suggesting that during the biological TNT treatment by sludge competing substrates are released into the solution, and that a more defined biological procedure would be necessary in order to achieve an effective, ecologically and economically acceptable mineralization of TNT from aqueous systems.

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“…TNT metabolism in monoculture can be limited by nitroreductase inactivation by these partial degradation products (Riefler and Smets 2002) or by more generally described cytotoxicity (Fuller and Manning 1997). Reduction and cleavage of the aromatic ring of TNT has not been characteristic of most bacterial isolates studied to date (Zaripov et al 2004). Enzymes involved in TNT metabolism include carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (C. thermoaceticum, Huang et al 2000), NAD(P)H-dependent nitroreductase I (Klebsiella sp., Kim and Song 2005), NAD(P)H-dependent flavoprotein oxidoreductase (P. fluorescens, Pak et al 2000), Fe-only hydrogenase (C. acetobutylicum, Watrous et al 2003) and the flavin-dependent oxidoreductases related to the old yellow enzyme of yeast (Williams et al 2004).…”

Section: Biotic -Secondary Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoleune (TNT) in Coastal Waters and Sediments

Walker¹,

Osburn²,

Boyd³

et al. 2006

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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98)Prescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) SPONSOR / MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)11 Unclassified Unclassified UnclassifiedUnlimited 42Michael T. Montgomery 202-404-6419Mineralization rates of 14C-TNT, -DNT, and -DAT were measured in surface sediments, with depth in sediment cores, and in the water column during 12 research cruises over the past 4 years in the San Francisco Bay, Chesapeake Bay, and Hawaii. Mineralization rates were also compared to uptake and incorporation rates of TNT, DNT, and DAT into the natural microbial assemblage. In general, the bacterial mineralizations rates were similar, or an order of magnitude faster, than those for organic hydrocarbons measured at the same time. Using seawater sampled from a historical UXO field, we found that while bacterial mineralization was rapid (>1 ug L-1 d-1, unfiltered water in dark), photodegradation was even faster (16 ug L-1 d-1, filtered water in light) and the combination of light and unfiltered water was greater than the sum of the two rates (103 ug L-1 d-1), suggesting either that the prescnce of active phytoplankton is important or photodegradation enhances bacterial mineralization.

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Initial Stages of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Transformation by Microorganisms

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Incorporation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) transforming bacteria into explosive formulations

Incorporation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) transforming bacteria into explosive formulations

Combined biological–chemical procedure for the mineralization of TNT

Mineralization of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoleune (TNT) in Coastal Waters and Sediments

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