Initial Study on the Effects of Transformer and Transmission Line Noise on People: Volume 1. Annoyance (Final report)

Pearsons, Karl S.; Bennett, R. L.; Fidell, Sandford

doi:10.2172/5427687

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…In each technology condition, participants were tested at five different speech/noise levels for a total of 15 test conditions: (1) 65/55 dBA: 10 dB SNR; (2) 68/60 dBA: 8 dB SNR; (3) 71/65 dBA: 6 dB SNR; (4) 74/70 dBA: 4 dB SNR 8 9 ; (5) 77/75 dBA: 2 dB SNR. The speech and noise levels were selected to represent signal-to-noise ratios commonly encountered in realistic listening situations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remote Microphone Systems for Cochlear Implant Recipients in Small Group Settings

et al. 2022

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Purpose Cochlear implant (CI) recipients often experience speech recognition difficulty in noise in small group settings with multiple talkers. In traditional remote microphones systems, one talker wears a remote microphone that wirelessly delivers speech to the CI processor. This system will not transmit signals from multiple talkers in a small group. However, remote microphone systems with multiple microphones allowing for adaptive beamforming may be beneficial for small group situations with multiple talkers. Specifically, a remote microphone with an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer may be placed in the center of the small group, and the beam (i.e., polar lobe) may be automatically steered toward the direction associated with the most favorable speech-to-noise ratio. The signal from the remote microphone can then be wirelessly delivered to the CI sound processor. Alternately, each of the talkers in a small group may use a remote microphone that is part of a multi-talker network that wirelessly delivers the remote microphone signal to the CI sound processor. The purpose of this study was to compare the potential benefit of an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer remote microphone system and a multi-talker network remote microphone system. Method Twenty recipients, ages 12 to 84 years, with Advanced Bionics CIs completed sentence-recognition-in-noise tasks while seated at a desk surrounded by three loudspeakers at 0, 90, and 270 degrees. These speakers randomly presented the target speech while competing noise was presented from four loudspeakers located in the corners of the room. Testing was completed in three conditions: 1) CI alone, 2) Remote microphone system with an adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer, and 3) and a multi-talker network remote microphone system each with five different signal levels (15 total conditions). Results Significant differences were found across all signal levels and technology conditions. Relative to the CI alone, sentence recognition improvements ranged from 14–23 percentage points with the adaptive multiple-microphone beamformer and 27–47 percentage points with the multi-talker network with superior performance for the latter remote microphone system. Conclusions Both remote microphone systems significantly improved speech recognition in noise of CI recipients when listening in small group settings, but the multi-talker network provided superior performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 5 6 7 In previous speech recognition studies with commonly-encountered SNRs (0 to +10 dB SNR), using remote microphone systems improved speech recognition by 30 to 60 percentage points relative to the CI alone. 3 4 8 9 10 11…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Microphone Systems for Cochlear Implant Recipients in Small Group Settings

et al. 2022

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“…For a distant talker to produce a sound level of 65 dB SPL at the position of the simulated listener, the sound level near the talker would have to be much higher than 65 dB SPL. This higher level would normally be associated with greater vocal effort, which changes the voice quality, leading to an increase in the ratio of high-frequency to low-frequency energy (Pearsons et al., 1976). In our simulation, the spectrum of the simulated source was held constant, that is, the expected change in spectral shape did not occur.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Auditory Estimates of Virtual Room Size: Effects of Stimulus, Level, and Reverberation

et al. 2021

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When vision is unavailable, auditory level and reverberation cues provide important spatial information regarding the environment, such as the size of a room. We investigated how room-size estimates were affected by stimulus type, level, and reverberation. In Experiment 1, 15 blindfolded participants estimated room size after performing a distance bisection task in virtual rooms that were either anechoic (with level cues only) or reverberant (with level and reverberation cues) with a relatively short reverberation time of T60 = 400 milliseconds. Speech, noise, or clicks were presented at distances between 1.9 and 7.1 m. The reverberant room was judged to be significantly larger than the anechoic room ( p < .05) for all stimuli. In Experiment 2, only the reverberant room was used and the overall level of all sounds was equalized, so only reverberation cues were available. Ten blindfolded participants took part. Room-size estimates were significantly larger for speech than for clicks or noise. The results show that when level and reverberation cues are present, reverberation increases judged room size. Even relatively weak reverberation cues provide room-size information, which could potentially be used by blind or visually impaired individuals encountering novel rooms.

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“…The middle consonants change during the task, and the listener is asked to select the consonant that was heard from a computer display of 21 response choices (e.g., If the participant heard /æbIl/, they would choose the letter B on the screen.). Stimuli were presented at a conversational level of 60 dB SPL (ANSI, 2020; Pearsons et al., 1977) in a background of steady-state speech-shaped noise at a +6 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at zero degrees azimuth. This or similar tests at similar levels and SNRs have been used in evaluations of extended bandwidth in air conduction hearing aids (McCreery et al., 2014; Van Eeckhoutte et al., 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection, Speech Recognition, Loudness, and Preference Outcomes With a Direct Drive Hearing Aid: Effects of Bandwidth

et al. 2021

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Direct drive hearing devices, which deliver a signal directly to the middle ear by vibrating the tympanic membrane via a lens placed in contact with the umbo, are designed to provide an extension of audible bandwidth, but there are few studies of the effects of these devices on preference, speech intelligibility, and loudness. The current study is the first to compare aided speech understanding between narrow and extended bandwidth conditions for listeners with hearing loss while fitted with a direct drive hearing aid system. The study also explored the effect of bandwidth on loudness perception and investigated subjective preference for bandwidth. Fifteen adult hearing aid users with symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss participated in a prospective, within-subjects, randomized single-blind repeated-measures study. Participants wore the direct drive hearing aids for 4 to 15 weeks (average 6 weeks) prior to outcome measurement. Outcome measures were completed in various bandwidth conditions achieved by reducing the gain of the device above 5000 Hz or by filtering the stimuli. Aided detection thresholds provided evidence of amplification to 10000 Hz. A significant improvement was found in high-frequency consonant detection and recognition, as well as for speech in noise performance in the full versus narrow bandwidth conditions. Subjective loudness ratings increased with provision of the full bandwidth available; however, real-world trials showed most participants were able to wear the full bandwidth hearing aids with only small adjustments to the prescription method. The majority of participants had either no preference or a preference for the full bandwidth setting.

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Initial Study on the Effects of Transformer and Transmission Line Noise on People: Volume 1. Annoyance (Final report)

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Remote Microphone Systems for Cochlear Implant Recipients in Small Group Settings

Remote Microphone Systems for Cochlear Implant Recipients in Small Group Settings

Factors Affecting Auditory Estimates of Virtual Room Size: Effects of Stimulus, Level, and Reverberation

Detection, Speech Recognition, Loudness, and Preference Outcomes With a Direct Drive Hearing Aid: Effects of Bandwidth

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