Initiation and Development of Spikelets and Florets in Wheat as Influenced by Shading and Nitrogen Supply at the Spikelet Phase

Toyota, Masanori; Tsutsui, Ichiro; Kusutani, Akihito; Asanuma, Koh-ichiro

doi:10.1626/pps.4.283

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The double ridge stage may be thought of as just part of the spike development phase and thus may not be so important from a physiological point of view Delecolle et al, 1989). However, it is the most important stage that is useful in recognizing the turning point from the vegetative to the reproductive phase as the growing spikelet primordium become larger than the aborting bract primordium (Toyota et al, 2001). The difference between spikelet number differentiated before and after the double ridge stage varies with the cultivar, and this indicates a difference in the spike development among the cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Zhang

Takahashi

Fujimoto

et al. 2007

Plant Production Science

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: Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Zhang

Takahashi

Fujimoto

et al. 2007

Plant Production Science

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“…The grain number per spike is determined by the number of florets and spikelets per spike. Initiation and development of spikelets and florets in wheat are influenced by shading (Nasehzadeh and Ellis 2017;Toyota et al 2001). Gardner et al (1985) found a significantly negative correlation between the number of florets and spikelets with shading intensity.…”

Section: Florets and Spikeletsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…No significant differences were observed for these characteristics among east-row, inter-row, and west-row positions (Table 1). Grain number per spike of wheat is affected by shading during floret growth and anthesis (Nasehzadeh and Ellis 2017), and the development of the floret varies depending on its position on the spike (Toyota et al 2001). Willey and Holliday (1971) showed that the light intensity greatly affects spikelet initiation and floret primordia, resulting in fewer grains.…”

Section: Florets and Spikeletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Willey and Holliday (1971) showed that the light intensity greatly affects spikelet initiation and floret primordia, resulting in fewer grains. For example, Toyota et al (2001) found that shading delayed the rate of floret initiation per spike by 11.4% and consequently, decreased the number of florets by 22.3% and decreased the grain weight per spike by 19% at maturity.…”

Section: Florets and Spikeletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apricot-based agroforestry system in Southern Xinjiang Province of China: influence on yield and quality of intercropping wheat

et al. 2019

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Agroforestry is a common traditional practice in China, especially in Southern Xinjiang, Northwest China. However, the productivity of many agroforestry systems has been lower than expected in recent years. We chose an apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)/wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) intercropping system to investigate the influence of apricot tree shade intensity on the grain yield and quality of intercropping wheat in Southern Xinjiang Province. We found that the mean daily light intensity in the east-row, inter-row, and west-row positions (apricot trees were planted in north-south orientation) in the intercropping systems decreased by 61.5%, 42.2%, and 63.6%, respectively, compared to the monoculture wheat. Correspondingly, the mean daily photosynthesis rate decreased by 52.0%, 28.4%, and 38.8%, respectively. The total florets, fertile florets, total spikelets, fertile spikelets, and grain yield and its components (including spike number, grains per spike, and thousand grain weight), and the total N and P contents of intercropping wheat in apricot-based intercropping systems were all significantly decreased compared to monoculture wheat. However, the protein content and wet gluten content of intercropped wheat were significantly increased compared to monoculture wheat. We did not find significant differences in any parameters among east-row, inter-row, and west-row positions in intercropping systems.

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“…Ряд ученых, изучая различные сорта и линии пшеницы, пытались выяснить, какие этапы развития растений играют основную роль в формировании признаков продуктивности колоса и возможности их улуч шения. Другие нашли связь признаков продуктивности с генами Dw (dwarf) и Rht (reduced height), ответственными за высоту растений пшеницы (Fischer, 1975(Fischer, , 1985Fischer et al, 1977;Brooking, Kirby, 1981;Fischer, Stokman, 1986;Youseffian et al, 1992;Abbate et al, 1995Abbate et al, , 1997Bindraban et al, 1998;Slafer et al, 2001;Toyota et al, 2001;Gonzalez et al, 2005). У многих количественных признаков пшеницы про является достоверная изменчивость во взаимодействии генотип × среда, при этом учитывают действие отдельных локусов или локусов количественных признаков (QTL) (Börner et al, 2002).…”

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Inheritance of signs of «many-flowered» common wheat and evaluation of productivity of the spike of F2 hybrids

Арбузова¹,

Добровольская²,

Martinek³

et al. 2016

Vestn. VOGiS

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Parameters of spike productivity in plants varieties Novosibirskaya 67 (N67), Saratovskaya 29 (S29), Puza-4 and «many-fl wered» line Skle 123-09 were assessed in two years with different weather conditions. It was shown that «many-fl wered» line Skle 123-09 is significa tly higher in the number of grains per spike and number of grains per spikelet than varieties N67, S29 and Puza-4, and that the expression of «manyfl wering» depends on the environmental conditions and the genetic background. It was shown that the «many-fl wering» is a genetic trait and is therefore workable. A study of hybrids F 2 С29 × Skle123-09, N67 × Skle 123-09, P-4 × Skle 123-09 isolated plants with fan-shaped cones and a high number of grains per spikelet as Skle 123-09 and having the best performance of other features as ear varieties recipients. The seeds of these plants will be used to secure «fl wering». Two-factor analysis of variance showed that the number of grains per spike knotted depends on growing conditions, genotype and their interaction. Variability of grains per spikelet in drought-resistant varieties of S29 and Puza-4 is mainly dependent on the genotype and, to a lesser extent, on the «genotype × environment» interaction. In variety N67 created for West Siberia, only genotype is a factor. The weight of a grain per ear primarily is primarily affected by «genotype × environment» (almost 60 %), while the influen e of «genotype × environmental» was half as strong. The variability of «masse of one grain» in F 2 hybrids (S29, P-4 × Skle123-09) is infl enced by environmental factors, genotype and their interplay. Genotype accounts for the highest impact (> 70 %). F 2 hybrids (N67 × Skle 123-09) share the greatest variability in the «genotype × environment» interaction (77 %).

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Initiation and Development of Spikelets and Florets in Wheat as Influenced by Shading and Nitrogen Supply at the Spikelet Phase

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Apricot-based agroforestry system in Southern Xinjiang Province of China: influence on yield and quality of intercropping wheat

Inheritance of signs of «many-flowered» common wheat and evaluation of productivity of the spike of F2 hybrids

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