Initiation of Breastfeeding in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Time-to-Event Analysis

Mallick, Lindsay; Wang, Wenjuan; Farid, Shiza; Pullum, Thomas W.

doi:10.9745/ghsp-d-20-00361

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Previous studies using multi-country data described similar findings of delay in EIBF among c-section births compared to institutional vaginal delivery 6 , 7 , 26 . In WHO Global Survey data of 373 health facilities and 244,569 singleton live births of low obstetric risk pregnancy, c-section was an independent factor associated with delay in EIBF 6 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…In WHO Global Survey data of 373 health facilities and 244,569 singleton live births of low obstetric risk pregnancy, c-section was an independent factor associated with delay in EIBF 6 . In another study in 21 LMICs, although deliveries by c-section presented a significant delay in the median of EIBF, immediate skin-to-skin contact was associated with a shorter time for breastfeeding initiation in almost all countries 7 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Early initiation of breastfeeding is inversely associated with public and private c-sections in 73 lower- and middle-income countries

Vaz

Gatica-Domínguez

Neves

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Although studies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have examined the effects of c-sections on early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), the role of the place of birth has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we tested the association between EIBF and the type of delivery by place of birth. Data from 73 nationally representative surveys carried out in LMICs between 2010 and 2019 comprised 408,013 women aged 15 to 49 years. Type of delivery by place of birth was coded in four categories: home vaginal delivery, institutional vaginal delivery, c-section in public, and c-section in private health facilities. We calculated the weighted mean prevalence of place of birth and EIBF by World Bank country income groups. Adjusted Poisson regression (PR) was fitted taking institutional vaginal delivery as a reference. The overall prevalence of EIBF was significantly lower among c-section deliveries in public (PR = 38%; 95% CI 0.618–0.628) and private facilities (PR = 45%; 95% CI 0.54–0.566) compared to institutional vaginal deliveries. EIBF in c-sections in public facilities was slightly higher in lower-middle (PR = 0.650, 95% CI 0.635–0.665) compared to low (PR = 0.544, 95% CI 0.521–0.567) and upper-middle income countries (PR = 0.612, 95% CI 0.599–0.626). EIBF was inversely associated with c-section deliveries compared to institutional vaginal deliveries, especially in private facilities compared to public ones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Early initiation of breastfeeding is inversely associated with public and private c-sections in 73 lower- and middle-income countries

Vaz

Gatica-Domínguez

Neves

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Globally, it has been shown that breastfeeding has prodigious benefits for both mothers and newborns. It supports the child's growth, protects the child against infections and the mother from post‐partum haemorrhage and breast and ovarian cancers (Ekholuenetale et al, 2021 ; Mallick et al, 2021 ; Rollins et al, 2016 ; Victora et al, 2016 ). It is estimated that breastfeeding can save up to a million deaths in children under age five each year (Victora et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of intrapartum and immediate post‐partum complications and newborn care practices on breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study

Mohammed

Abukari

Afaya

2022

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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This study aimed to investigate the impact of intrapartum and post-partum complications and newborn care practices on early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF).Data for the study came from a prospective cohort study in Ethiopia that recruited and followed pregnant and post-partum women from 2019 to 2021. Resident enumerators conducted interviews at enrolment in 2019 and follow-ups at 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year post-partum. The present analysis is based on data from the baseline survey and 6 weeks follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of newborn care practices and intrapartum and post-partum complications on EIBF (the proportion of newborns who initiated breastfeeding within the first hour of birth). Overall, 2660 mother-infant pairs were included in this analysis. After adjustment, EIBF was less likely among women who experienced intrapartum haemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.97), malpresentation (AOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30-0.72) and convulsions (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34-0.66) during childbirth.Mother-newborn skin-to-skin contact increased the likelihood of EIBF (AOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.11-1.94). Women who experienced post-partum haemorrhage (AOR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.84), retained placenta for more than 30 min (AOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.24-0.52) and convulsions after delivery (AOR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41-0.79) were less likely to initiate breastfeeding early. Also, women who had a caesarean birth (AOR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.18-0.41), delivered outside of a healthcare facility (AOR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.50-0.99) or had twin birth (AOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.22-0.85) were less likely to initiate breastfeeding early. Skin-to-skin contact should be encouraged whenever possible, and women with obstetric complications should be encouraged and supported to initiate breastfeeding early.

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“…In contrast, in low- and middle-income countries, the breastfeeding initiation rate in the first hour is lower [ 12 ]. In these countries, the initiation time between 0.5 and 40 hours after birth has been estimated [ 13 ]. In Latin America and the Caribbean, the prevalence of EIBF was 45.2–62.8% [ 14 ], while the prevalence of EBF up to 6 months was 63.0% [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Adequate Breastfeeding: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey, 2019

Yamunaque-Carranza

Medina-Ramirez

Mamani-García

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Objective: To assess the factors associated with adequate breastfeeding (ABF) among Peruvian mothers during 2019. Materials and Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the 2019 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) database of Peru. ABF was defined based on the recommendations of the World Health Organization, which defined it as starting breastfeeding within the first hour of life and continuing with exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months. To determine the factors associated with ABF, a Poisson generalized linear models with log-link function was used. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Results: A prevalence of ABF of 48.1% was identified among 11,157 women who reported at least one child in the last five years. Most of them were young (68.6%) and lived in urban areas (65.5%). Furthermore, being unemployed (aPR:1.02; 95% CI:1.00–1.04); residing on the coast, except for Metropolitan Lima (aPR:1.08; 95% CI:1.04–1.11), the highlands (aPR:1.14; 95% CI:1.11–1.18), and the jungle (aPR:1.20; 95% CI: 1.16–1.24); having had a vaginal delivery (aPR:1.30; 95% CI:1.27–1.05); and having two children (aPR:1.03; 95% CI:1.01–1.05) or three or more children (aPR:1.03; 95% CI:1.01–1.05) were associated with a higher frequency of ABF. Conclusions: One out of two women between 18–59 with children performed ABF. The factors associated with ABF were the current occupation, region of residence, type of delivery, and parity. Health policies and strategies should be implemented, considering our results, to promote maternal counseling by health personnel in order to increase the prevalence of ABF in the Peruvian population.

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Initiation of Breastfeeding in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Time-to-Event Analysis

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Early initiation of breastfeeding is inversely associated with public and private c-sections in 73 lower- and middle-income countries

Early initiation of breastfeeding is inversely associated with public and private c-sections in 73 lower- and middle-income countries

The impact of intrapartum and immediate post‐partum complications and newborn care practices on breastfeeding initiation in Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study

Factors Associated with Adequate Breastfeeding: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey, 2019

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