Initiation of hypertension in utero and its amplification throughout life.

Law, Catherine; Swiet, Michael de; Osmond, Clive; Fayers, Peter; Barker, D. J. P.; Cruddas, A M; Fall, Caroline

doi:10.1136/bmj.306.6869.24

Cited by 589 publications

(361 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These study findings add to the evidence base that certain indicators of sedentariness, particularly screen time and TV viewing, could be potential targets for addressing hypertension in children. These data are potentially important given that childhood BP is one of the strongest predictors of adult BP, 34 and that elevated BP present in childhood is an important risk factor for future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. 1,18,35 Therefore, these relatively cost-effective strategies of targeting screen time may lead to significant reductions in BP in children and adolescents, and potentially prevent hypertension-related complications, as these children progress into adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between a range of sedentary behaviours and blood pressure during early adolescence

et al. 2011

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Very few studies have explored links between physical activity, sedentary behaviours and blood pressure (BP) in early adolescence. We aimed to assess the association between a range of sedentary activities (screen time, television (TV) viewing, computer usage, video game usage and time spent in homework or reading) and BP in schoolchildren. Eligible year-7 students (2353/3144, mean age 12.7 years) from a random cluster sample of 21 Sydney schools were examined during [2003][2004][2005]. Parents and children completed detailed questionnaires of activity. BP was measured using a standard protocol and high BP was defined using published guidelines. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, parental education, height, BMI and time spent in physical activity, each hour per day spent in screen time, watching TV and playing video games was associated with a significant increase in diastolic BP of 0.44 (P ¼ 0.0001), 0.99 (Po0.0001) and 0.64 mm Hg (P ¼ 0.04), respectively. In contrast, each hour per day spent reading was associated with a decrease of 0.91 (P ¼ 0.01) and 0.69 mm Hg (P ¼ 0.02) in systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. Our results indicate that addressing different types of sedentary activities could be a potentially important strategy to reduce the prevalence of elevated BP in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between a range of sedentary behaviours and blood pressure during early adolescence

et al. 2011

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“…22 Although remaining controversial, a weight of evidence exists to suggest a negative association between birth weight and blood pressure in later life. [5][6][7] Similarly, evidence exists for such a relationship in children, [10][11][12] although a previous study of this cohort suggested that the relationship may vary with age and gender. 13 Much less is known regarding the possibility that pulse pressure may be in part determined by fetal growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…4 In particular, a number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated a negative correlation between birth weight and blood pressure in adulthood, [5][6][7] although the association remains controversial. 8,9 Evidence also exists for such a relationship in childhood, [10][11][12] although has been suggested to vary with age and gender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between birth weight and pulse pressure in children: cross-sectional study

Pearce

O’Sullivan

2006

J Hum Hypertens

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“…K Evidence exists for an inverse relationship between birth weight and blood pressure, both in adults [3][4][5][6] and in children. 8-11 K Less is known regarding the potential link between being born early, independent of birth size, and subsequent blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 In particular, a number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated a negative correlation between birth weight and blood pressure in adulthood. [3][4][5][6] It has been estimated that a 1 kg higher birth weight is typically associated with a 2-4 mm Hg lower systolic blood pressure. 7 Evidence also exists for such a relationship in childhood, [8][9][10][11] but it has been suggested to vary with age and gender.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between gestational age, systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in children

2008

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This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between gestational age and systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in childhood. Blood pressure was measured in 483 schoolchildren, free from cardiovascular disease, aged between 6 and 16 years. Pulse pressure was estimated as the difference between the 24-h mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure values. Linear regression showed an inverse relationship between gestational age and mean 24-h systolic blood pressure (adjusted regression coefficient mm Hg per week gestation À0.631, 95% confidence interval (CI) À1.21 to À0.04, P ¼ 0.036). Further, linear regression showed a significant negative association between gestational age and log-transformed pulse pressure (adjusted antilog regression coefficient mm Hg per week of gestation À1.39, 95% CI À2.96 to À0.3, P ¼ 0.013), which after gender-specific analyses was found to be restricted to the girls in the study. The results of the present study suggest that low gestational age is associated with elevated systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in childhood, the latter particularly in girls. This observation provides some support for the developmental origins of adult disease hypothesis-that adverse events in early life may have long-term consequences for cardiovascular health. However, as gestational age itself is unlikely to be the causal event in determining blood pressure control, further investigation is required, particularly with regard to the nutritional, physiological and molecular mechanisms that explain such epidemiological observations.

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Initiation of hypertension in utero and its amplification throughout life.

Cited by 589 publications

References 15 publications

Relationship between a range of sedentary behaviours and blood pressure during early adolescence

Relationship between a range of sedentary behaviours and blood pressure during early adolescence

The relationship between birth weight and pulse pressure in children: cross-sectional study

The relationship between gestational age, systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure in children

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