Initiation of sweating in man after abrupt rise in environmental temperature

Colin, J.; Houdas, Y

doi:10.1152/jappl.1965.20.5.984

Cited by 48 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Skin temperatures were measured from ten sites (forehead, arm, forearm, hand, chest, abdomen, thigh, calf, ankle, back) with Cu-Ct thermocouples (accuracy AE 0X05 C). Weighted mean skin temperature ( sk ) was calculated using the equation of Colin and Houdas (1965). The w was calculated from oxygen consumption.…”

Section: Whole Body Standard Cold Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory changes in the cold induced by physical training in humans

Savourey

Bittel

1998

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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It has previously been demonstrated that metabolic heat production (M) during cold exposure at rest was related to maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Consequently, an increase in VO2max could allow an increase M in the cold. The aim of the present study was therefore to test this hypothesis. Eight male volunteers undertook interval training (periods of 25% VO2max of 30-s duration and 110% VO2max of 60-s duration until exhaustion, five times a week over 8 weeks) to increase VO2max. Both before and after this physical training, they were subjected to a 10 degrees, 5 degrees and 1 degrees C 2-h cold air test in a climatic chamber. During the cold exposure, rectal temperature (Tre), tympanic temperature (Tty) mean skin temperature (Tsk) and M were measured as well as the time to onset of shivering (t) and body temperatures (Tre, Try and Tsk) at t. The results showed that physical training involved an increase in VO2max (14%-15%, P < 0.05). During the cold exposure, Tre was higher after training both at 10 degrees, 5 degrees and 1 degree C (P < 0.05) whereas Tty, TSk and M were not significantly changed. However, an increase in the sensitivity of the thermoregulatory system was attested by a decreased t at higher Tsk. These slight physiological changes found after training were not related to the increases in VO2max. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that interval training induced slight thermoregulatory changes unrelated to changes in VO2max and it suggested that M during cold exposure could be related mainly to the level of VO2max observed before training, since increases in VO2max did not modify M.

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Section: Whole Body Standard Cold Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory changes in the cold induced by physical training in humans

Savourey

Bittel

1998

European Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…The sweat onset delay is poorly understood but regularly observed when evaporation is recorded by continuous weight measurements in a subject under basal conditions (rest at thermal neutrality for at least 90 min as pointed out by Colin & Houdas, 1965). This delay seems to be linked to the thermal history of the subject and is shortened with increased bodyheat content.…”

Section: Sexual Differences In Thermoregulation 487mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of thermal exchanges in men and women under neutral and hot conditions.

Bittel¹,

Hénane²

1975

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The thermoregulatory responses in unacclimatized men and women were analysed and compared by means of standard heat exposure tests which allowed evaporative losses, body temperatures, heat storage and the complete thermal balance to be continuously recorded in all subjects.2. The most pronounced differences were observed in delay before onset of sweating. Sweating always occurred faster with lower body temperatures in men than in women. The period immediately following ovulation was characterized by an increase in onset delay and a decrease in the sensitivity in sweating response compared with the pre-ovulation period.3. The evaporative rate in the steady state did not change significantly in the post-ovulation period and was found to be higher in men who consequently had lower mean skin temperatures. Skin conductances, different under thermo-neutral conditions, were the same in men and women under hot conditions. 4. Women showed a more definite increase of body temperatures and heat storage than men due to delayed sweating and decreased sweating sensitivity. The body heat content in the steady state increased more markedly in women than in men. Furthermore, the highest heat storage values were found during the post-ovulation period. A high degree of correlation was found between body heat content and absolute onset delay.5. The sweating kinetics and the transient phase just before the steady state of the thermal balance appeared to be decisive factors in the differentiation of the thermoregulatory behaviour in women before and after ovulation. Heat storage achieved during the transient phase and not made up by adequate evaporation seemed to be the cause of the large increase of body temperatures and heat content shown by women in hot environments.

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“…The importance of core temperature in the initiation of sweating may be emphasized further when comparing the present data and data reported in resting subjects exposed to similar step changes in ambient temperature. In resting subjects, average sweating delays were 9.3 min when exposed to 50°C (COLIN and HOUDAS, 1965) and 15.3 min when exposed to 45°C (HENANE and BITTEL, 1975), while the average TSk at the onset were 37.5 and 37°C, respectively. At rest, the onset of sweating occurred thus significantly later and with higher skin temperatures than in the exercising subjects of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The sweating delay was inversely related to the external heat load (COLIN and HOUDAS, 1965;SALTIN et al, 1970;DAVIES, 1980) and the core temperature at sweat onset was independent of the conditions of exposure (CHAPPUIS et al, 1976;DAVIES, 1980) but exhibited a circadian variation (CROCKFORD et al, 1970). If no relationship was found between delay and work rate, this may be ascribed to the limited range of metabolic rates investigated in comparison to those used in previous studies (SALTIN et al, 1970;DAVIES, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological factors associated with the onset of sweating.

Mairiaux

Libert²

1987

Jpn.J.Physiol

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The influence of esophageal ( TeS) and skin temperature (TSk) variations, body heat storage, and individual parameters on the initiation of sweating was investigated in 9 unacclimated subjects during thermal transients induced by exercise (25, 50, or 75 W) and by a step change in ambient temperature from 28°C to 23, 28, 36.5, 45, or 50°C. Seventy-four onsets of sweating were observed during the exposures, the sweating delay averaging 3 min at 45 and 50°C, 6 min at 36.5°C, and 9.5 min at 28°C. In warm conditions (36.5 to 50°C), the onset of sweating could mainly be related both to the level of Tsk and its rate component, whereas in cooler conditions (28 and 23°C), the onset of sweating could only be related to a positive rate of TeS variation, the TSk level being low and steady. On the whole set of data, the TeS changes at the onset were inversely related to the Tsk changes. The cumulated heat storage at the onset of sweating was 37 kJ/m2 (S.D. 25). It varied not only among subjects (range: 11-66 kJ/m2) but also within subjects even when differences in thermal state prior to exercise were accounted for. Among the individual parameters investigated, the magnitude of the decrease in TeS observed in response to the start of exercise was found to have a significant effect on the sweating delay. The TeS decrease was inversely related to the subject's skinfold thickness, and in a given subject, inversely related to the preexercise Tsk. It is concluded that the results are in agreement with a summation model of internal and mean skin temperatures on the sweating drive but that they do not verify the hypothesis of a critical level of heat storage at the onset of sweating.

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Initiation of sweating in man after abrupt rise in environmental temperature

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Thermoregulatory changes in the cold induced by physical training in humans

Thermoregulatory changes in the cold induced by physical training in humans

Comparison of thermal exchanges in men and women under neutral and hot conditions.

Physiological factors associated with the onset of sweating.

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