Initiation of transcription of the yeast mitochondrial gene coding for ATPase subunit 9

Edwards, John C.; Osinga, K.A.; Christianson, Thomas; Hensgens, L. A. M.; Janssens, Pim M.W.; Rabinowitz, Murray; Tabak, Henk F.

doi:10.1093/nar/11.23.8269

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In light of the fact that only 6% of the sequenced eukaryotic genes examined to date have untranslated 5' regions >150 bases long (3), the striking feature of the GCN4 transcript is that the 5' untranslated region is 577 bases long. This report constitutes the first example of a yeast nuclear gene encoding such an extensive 5' untranslated region, although certain yeast mitochondrial genes encode messages with exceptionally long leaders (31).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene.

Thireos¹,

Penn²,

Greer³

1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

240

167

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene.

Thireos¹,

Penn²,

Greer³

1984

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

240

167

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“…In three of the strains, recombination occurred between the leader region of the cytochrome b gene (cob) and the oxi2 gene, resulting in fusions in which nearly all of the sequence encoding the 940-nucleotide cob leader (4) was joined either to a short segment of the oxi2 leader (MSU494-3 and MSU494-4) or to a longer 450-bp segment (MSU494-5). The fifth suppressor examined, MSU494-6, carried most of the 5' leader-encoding region of the olil gene, which encodes ATPase subunit 9 (18,54), fused to a short portion of the oxi2 leader. The recombination events which created all these suppressor oxi2 genes had occurred at short regions of homology between the two partners (85 to 100% identity over 10 to 13 bp).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear gene PET494 activates translation of a specific mitochondrial mRNA.

Costanzo¹,

Fox²

1986

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear gene PET494 is known to be required for a posttranscriptional step in the accumulation of one mitochondrial gene product, subunit III of cytochrome c oxidase (coxIII). Here we show that the PET494 protein probably acts in mitochondria by demonstrating that both a PET494-,-galactosidase fusion protein and unmodified PET494 are specifically associated with mitochondria. To define the PET494 site of action, we isolated mutations that suppress a pet494 deletion. These mutations were rearrangements of the mitochondrial gene oxi2 that encodes coxIII. The suppressor oxi2 genes had acquired the 5'-flanking sequences of other mitochondrial genes and gave rise to oxi2 transcripts carrying the 5'-untranslated leaders of their mRNAs. These results demonstrate that in wild-type cells PET494 specifically promotes coxIII translation, probably by interacting with the 5'-untranslated leader of the oxi2 mRNA.Mitochondrial genes are expressed within the mitochondrion by a genetic system distinct from that required for expression of nuclear genes. Only a few of the components of the mitochondrial genetic system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are encoded on the mitochondrial genome (15); most are encoded by nuclear genes and imported posttranslationally into mitochondria. Interestingly, among the known nucleus-encoded elements of the mitochondrial genetic system, several have been found to be necessary for the accumulation of specific mitochondrial gene products. Some are required for processing of particular mitochondrial transcripts (12,20,43). Other nuclear gene products are necessary for steps subsequent to the accumulation of specific mitochondrial mRNAs (13, 42, 45; C. G. Poutre and T. D. Fox, manuscript in preparation; M. Costanzo, E. C. Seaver, and T. D. Fox, submitted for publication).The product of the nuclear gene PET494 was previously shown to be specifically required for accumulation of the mitochondrially encoded subunit III of cytochrome c oxidase (coxIII). pet494 mutant cells contain all the known mitochondrial gene products except for coxIII (7,16,17). However, they contain normal amounts of the mRNA encoding coxIII (42), a transcript of the mitochondrial oxi2 gene (51). The oxi2 gene is not interrupted by introns (51), and the oxi2 mRNA in pet494 mutant cells is indistinguishable, by Northern blot analysis or by Si nuclease protection experiments, from that in wild-type cells (42). Therefore, the PET494 protein must be necessary for some posttranscriptional step leading to the accumulation of coxIll.These previous studies left open two major questions. First, does the PET494 protein act directly in mitochondria or does it act in a more indirect fashion, for example, by promoting the expression of another nuclear gene? Second, is PET494 activity necessary for translation of the oxi2 mRNA, or is it required after translation to prevent rapid degradation of the coxIII polypeptide? In this paper we show that the product of the PET494 gene is indeed a mitochondrial protein, b...

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“…Recently, transcriptional initiation sites on the mitochondrial genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been characterized extensively (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). By using the method of in vitro capping with guanylyltransferase, at least 19 unique transcriptional initiation sites have been identified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a yeast mitochondrial promoter by deletion mutagenesis.

Biswas¹,

Edwards²,

Rabinowitz³

et al. 1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We have generated collections of mutants of the promoter for the small rRNA gene from the mitochondria of yeast deleted from either the 3' or 5' end. Plasmids containing the partially deleted promoter were assayed for their ability to direct correct transcriptional initiation in a homologous in vitro system. We find that the region required for high-efficiency promoter function lies between positions -10 and +2. Our methods detected no effect of flanking sequences on the strength of this promoter.

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Initiation of transcription of the yeast mitochondrial gene coding for ATPase subunit 9

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene.

5' untranslated sequences are required for the translational control of a yeast regulatory gene.

Product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear gene PET494 activates translation of a specific mitochondrial mRNA.

Characterization of a yeast mitochondrial promoter by deletion mutagenesis.

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