Injectable Biomedical Devices for Sensing and Stimulating Internal Body Organs

Jung, Yei Hwan; Kim, Jong Uk; Lee, Ju Seung; Shin, Jeong-Hoon; Jung, Woojin; Ok, Jehyung; Kim, Tae‐il

doi:10.1002/adma.201907478

Cited by 58 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 248 publications

(358 reference statements)

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“…While using miniaturized needle‐like carriers to deliver tiny sensors inside the body can overcome these challenges by accurately and minimally inserting high‐performance devices into soft, heterogeneous tissues. [ 182 ] Flexible stretchable transparent and human‐friendly strain sensors can take on the mechanical deformations and transform them into electric signals. [ 183 ] The original preparation method of strain sensors is to disperse conductive materials such as metal or carbon‐based nanoparticles on rubber, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and other flexible matrixes.…”

Section: Biomedical Applications Of Injectable Dual Crosslinking Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Injectable Dual Crosslinking Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Chu

Nie

et al. 2021

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Injectable dual crosslinking hydrogels hold great promise to improve therapeutic efficacy in minimally invasive surgery. Compared with prefabricated hydrogels, injectable hydrogels can be implanted more accurately into deeply enclosed sites and repair irregularly shaped lesions, showing great applicable potential. Here, the current fabrication considerations of injectable dual crosslinking hydrogels are reviewed. Besides, the progress of the hydrogels used in corresponding applications and emerging challenges are discussed, with detailed emphasis in the fields of bone and cartilage regeneration, wound dressings, sensors and other less mentioned applications for their more hopeful employments in clinic. It is envisioned that the further development of the injectable dual crosslinking hydrogels will catalyze their innovation and transformation in the biomedical field.

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Section: Biomedical Applications Of Injectable Dual Crosslinking Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Injectable Dual Crosslinking Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Chu

Nie

et al. 2021

Macromolecular Bioscience

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“…Ideally, such systems are expected to determine the timing, duration, and dosage of the intervention and allow remote, noninvasive, repeatable, and reliable control of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. [ 2–8 ] Remote control has been recently achieved with flexible piezoelectric actuators powered by tiny batteries or magnetic induction. [ 9–12 ] However, the sizes of these electromechanical devices are still in the centimeter range.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001120 therapeutic procedures. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Remote control has been recently achieved with flexible piezoelectric actuators powered by tiny batteries or magnetic induction. [9][10][11][12] However, the sizes of these electromechanical devices are still in the centimeter range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressable Acoustic Actuation of 3D Printed Soft Robotic Microsystems

2020

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A design, manufacturing, and control methodology is presented for the transduction of ultrasound into frequency-selective actuation of multibody hydrogel mechanical systems. The modular design of compliant mechanisms is compatible with direct laser writing and the multiple degrees of freedom actuation scheme does not require incorporation of any specific material such as air bubbles. These features pave the way for the development of active scaffolds and soft robotic microsystems from biomaterials with tailored performance and functionality. Finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics are used to quantitatively predict the performance of acoustically powered hydrogels immersed in fluid and guide the design process. The outcome is the remotely controlled operation of a repertoire of untethered biomanipulation tools including monolithic compound micromachinery with multiple pumps connected to various functional devices. The potential of the presented technology for minimally invasive diagnosis and targeted therapy is demonstrated by a soft microrobot that can on-demand collect, encapsulate, and process microscopic samples. Microfabricated devices have led to revolutionary changes in our ability to manipulate small volumes of fluid and microscopic samples contained therein. [1] As a result, majority of state-of-the-art in vitro biomedical platforms contain microfluidic components. Operating these devices requires the use of bulky pumps, compressors, or tethered electrical powering units, which significantly increase the overall size and limit the portability. A key technological challenge has been the development of untethered microfluidic systems that are capable of providing such functionality with wireless control for in vivo applications. Ideally, such systems are expected to determine the timing, duration, and dosage of the intervention and allow remote, noninvasive, repeatable, and reliable control of diagnostic or

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“…Medical implants require the design of a form factor that permits minimally invasive implantation and mechanical characteristics matching with the targeted tissues to be stable for long-term use. [139][140][141] The overall miniaturization and geometrical system of the device can provide important advantages in a manner that improves the stability of the implanted device by preventing damage, scar tissue formation, and inflammation. Liu et al developed 3D microporous flexible mesh electronics that can accurately deliver the device with syringe injection (Figure 7c).…”

Section: Strategies To Improve the Long-term Performance Of E-drugs In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Drugs: Spatial and Temporal Medical Treatment of Human Diseases

et al. 2021

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pharmaceutical drug delivery and healthcare systems. E-drugs are biocompatible electronic devices capable of identifying specific biological analytes (e.g., glucose, enzymes, and other biomolecules), [1,2] environmental stimuli (e.g., strain, pressure, and external temperature), and electrophysiological signals (e.g., electrocardiograms (ECG), electromyograms (EMG), and electroencephalography (EEG)) to monitor health status and deliver therapeutic treatments in a controlled manner via wireless prompts. [3][4][5] Owing to their innovative functions and technologies, e-drugs have been widely adopted in pharmaceutical and medical research to monitor and treat chronic diseases, which are still considered difficult to cure. Conventional pharmaceutical treatments or medical procedures for chronic diseases encounter a major obstacle in patient compliance, as they involve regular drug intake or treatments. [6] For example, patients with diabetes are recommended to collect blood samples to measure their glucose levels twice a day. However, the International Diabetes Management Practice Study reported that only 29.7-38.5% of patients with type-2 diabetes in Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America self-monitor their glucose levels, which hinders effective management of their condition. [7] As a strategy to improve patients' adherence to drug intake and treatments, electronic devices capable of continuously monitoring biological signal levels and therapeutic response via wireless applications have been demanded by the markets.The fundamental differences between electronics and biological tissues have emerged as a challenge in the development of an advanced generation of e-drugs. For instance, soft biological tissues have a low modulus of elasticity, which is typically less than 100 kPa, and high moisture content. By contrast, conventional electronics are generally made of electronic materials such as metals and silicone, which are stiff, with modulus greater than 80 GPa, dry, and static. [8] This mechanical and physical mismatch between human tissues and electronics causes adverse clinical outcomes. Major consequences include inflammatory responses induced by the micromotion of the implant, during and after implantation, as well as scar tissue and fibrotic encapsulation, which substantially compromises the performance and lifetime of e-drugs. [9,10] Recent advances in diagnostics and medicines emphasize the spatial and temporal aspects of monitoring and treating diseases. However, conventional therapeutics, including oral administration and injection, have difficulties meeting these aspects due to physiological and technological limitations, such as long-term implantation and a narrow therapeutic window. As an innovative approach to overcome these limitations, electronic devices known as electronic drugs (e-drugs) have been developed to monitor real-time body signals and deliver specific treatments to targeted tissues or organs. For example, ingestible and patch-type e-drugs could detect changes in biomarkers at the target s...

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Injectable Biomedical Devices for Sensing and Stimulating Internal Body Organs

Cited by 58 publications

References 248 publications

Recent Advances in Injectable Dual Crosslinking Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Recent Advances in Injectable Dual Crosslinking Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

Addressable Acoustic Actuation of 3D Printed Soft Robotic Microsystems

Electronic Drugs: Spatial and Temporal Medical Treatment of Human Diseases

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