“…Cancer has long been one of the deadliest diseases threatening human life. − Due to the complexity, diversity, and heterogeneity of tumors, traditional treatment methods have limited treatment efficiency and cannot completely cure cancer in most cases . In recent years, the progress of cancer treatment has gradually shifted from monotherapy to the combination of multiple treatment methods. , This multimodal therapy refers to the combination of two or more medical approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), , radiotherapy (RT), , high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), gene therapy, , photodynamic therapy (PDT), , photothermal therapy (PTT), , and immunotherapy. , Different from monotherapy, multimodal treatments have the characteristics of reducing drug dose, enhancing efficacy, and fewer side effects, showing much higher promise for the antitumor therapy. , …”