Injection and non-injection drug use related to social exclusion indicators in two Andalusian cities

March, Joan Carles; Oviedo‐Joekes, Eugenia; Romero, Manuel

doi:10.1080/09687630500281998

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This finding is in line with the results from studies conducted in other developing countries [1, 35–37]. Carles (2005) found that imprisonment increased the probability of transition to injection [37]. Between 6 and 48% of prisoners injected drugs throughout their lives [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Application of data mining techniques and logistic regression to model drug use transition to injection: a case study in drug use treatment centers in Kermanshah Province, Iran

Najafi-Ghobadi

Tapak

et al. 2019

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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BackgroundDrug injection has been increasing over the past decades all over the world. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are two common infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) and more than 60% of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cases are PWID. Thus, investigating risk factors associated with drug use transition to injection is essential and was the aim of this research.MethodsWe used a database from drug use treatment centers in Kermanshah Province (Iran) in 2013 that included 2098 records of people who use drugs (PWUD). The information of 29 potential risk factors that are commonly used in the literature on drug use was selected. We employed four classification methods (decision tree, neural network, support vector machine, and logistic regression) to determine factors affecting the decision of PWUD to transition to injection.ResultsThe average specificity of all models was over 84%. Support vector machine produced the highest specificity (0.9). Also, this model showed the highest total accuracy (0.91), sensitivity (0.94), positive likelihood ratio [1] and Kappa (0.94) and the smallest negative likelihood ratio (0). Therefore, important factors according to the support vector machine model were used for further interpretation.ConclusionsBased on the support vector machine model, the use of heroin, cocaine, and hallucinogens were identified as the three most important factors associated with drug use transition injection. The results further indicated that PWUD with the history of prison or using drug due to curiosity and unemployment are at higher risks. Unemployment and unreliable sources of income were other suggested factors of transition in this research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Low availability, poor quality, and high cost of drugs are the main factors that facilitate the transition to injection in prison [1]. This finding is in line with the results from studies conducted in other developing countries [1, 35–37]. Carles (2005) found that imprisonment increased the probability of transition to injection [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Application of data mining techniques and logistic regression to model drug use transition to injection: a case study in drug use treatment centers in Kermanshah Province, Iran

Najafi-Ghobadi

Tapak

et al. 2019

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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Injection Drug User Quality of Life Scale (IDUQOL): Findings from a content validation study

Hubley

Palepu

2007

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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Background: Quality of life studies among injection drug users have primarily focused on healthrelated measures. The chaotic life-style of many injection drug users (IDUs), however, extends far beyond their health, and impacts upon social relationships, employment opportunities, housing, and day to day survival. Most current quality of life instruments do not capture the realities of people living with addictions. The Injection Drug Users' Quality of Life Scale (IDUQOL) was developed to reflect the life areas of relevance to IDUs. The present study examined the content validity of the IDUQOL using judgmental methods based on subject matter experts' (SMEs) ratings of various elements of this measure (e.g., appropriateness of life areas or items, names and descriptions of life areas, instructions for administration and scoring).

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Percepción de usuarios de los Programas de Tratamiento con Metadona sobre la accesibilidad y atención recibida de los equipos terapéuticos

Cerdá

Martín-Ruiz²,

Oviedo‐Joekes

et al. 2006

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RESUMENFundamento: Se explora la atención y cobertura terapéutica prestada desde los Centros de atención al Tratamiento de las toxicomanías de dos ciudades españolas desde la perspectiva de sus usuarios de los Tratamientos con Metadona (TM). Se pretenden ofrecer claves de cómo orientar el TM para su mejora en la prevención de recaídas y abandonos prematuros, y facilitar la reinserción de sus pacientes.Métodos: Estudio exploratorio, cualitativo, que recoge información a través de una entrevista semi-estructurada a 30 usuarios de los TM en Barcelona y Granada Resultados: La atención prestada por los equipos terapéu-ticos queda articulada sobre 3 pilares: médico, psicológico y social. La centralidad de la figura de los médicos en los discursos de los pacientes, refleja el papel principal de la metadona y su prescripción. Casi el 60% ha visitado en los últimos 3 meses al profesional de medicina, reduciéndose esta cifra al 22% para el caso el caso de la psicología y un 6% con trabajo social. Los usuarios expresan la falta de una evaluación global e individualizada de la integración social, la escasez de recursos (vivienda, empleo y formación, necesidades básicas) adaptados a las necesidades particulares y la falta de implicación de las familias, donde el papel de psicólogos y trabajadores sociales podría ser mayor al actual.Conclusiones: A pesar de los resultados positivos obtenidos de los TM, su principal limitación es la falta de una intervención integral a las necesidades individuales de los pacientes. Fortalecer el papel de la intervención psicológica y social, se convierte en requisitos imprescindibles para avanzar en la rehabilitación y reinserción. ABSTRACTBackground: This study explores the type of care and the therapeutic treatment provided at drug treatment centres located in two Spanish cities, as perceived by methadone treatment (MT) users. It provides key aspects to improve the ability of MT programmes to prevent relapses and premature discharges from treatment, and to facilitate users' social reintegration.Methods: Exploratory qualitative study based on semistructured interviews among 30 MT programme users in the cities of Barcelona and Granada.Results: The care provided by therapeutic teams relies on 3 main intervention areas: medical, psychological and social care. The central role attributed to the physicians in users' discourses reflects the relevance assigned to the methadone and to its medical prescription. Almost 60% of users had visited their prescribing doctor at least once in the previous three months, 22% their psychologist, and only 6% their social worker. Users interviewed mentioned the absence of a comprehensive and individualized assessment of their social integration, the lack of resources adapted to their individual needs (housing, employment, training and basic needs), and the lack of family implication where they felt that psychologists and social workers could play a much more relevant role than at present.Conclusions: Despite the generally positive outcomes of the MT, its main limi...

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Injection and non-injection drug use related to social exclusion indicators in two Andalusian cities

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Application of data mining techniques and logistic regression to model drug use transition to injection: a case study in drug use treatment centers in Kermanshah Province, Iran

Application of data mining techniques and logistic regression to model drug use transition to injection: a case study in drug use treatment centers in Kermanshah Province, Iran

Injection Drug User Quality of Life Scale (IDUQOL): Findings from a content validation study

Percepción de usuarios de los Programas de Tratamiento con Metadona sobre la accesibilidad y atención recibida de los equipos terapéuticos

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