Injection-locked fractional frequency multiplier with automatic reference pulse-selection technique

Abstract

An injection-locked fractional frequency multiplier (IL-FFM) based on a ring VCO is proposed. The ILFFM can output signals whose output-frequency step equal quarter of an input reference frequency (1/4 × f ref ), with low-phase-noise characteristics due to injection locking. To realize this fractional frequency multiplication, an injection pulse selection circuit is demonstrated, which can select the appropriate injection pulse trains as to the VCO output phases.

A 31.5-to-40.5 GHz injection-locked CMOS frequency tripler with injection-current enhancement technique

“…In general, the frequency multiplier can be realized with the harmonic amplifier [6,7,8] and injection locked frequency multiplier (ILFM) structures [9,10,11,12,13]. With the harmonic amplifier structure, the frequency multiplier can achieves relatively large bandwidth, but it consumes a high power consumption due to the low harmonic power efficiency.…”

“…As shown in Fig. 1, the ILFM working principle can be simply described with a half-circuit model [9,10]. With the cross-couple pair current iOSC, the loss of the LC tank can be compensated, ensuring self-oscillation startup at the target operating frequency ω0.…”

Graphene frequency tripler design using reflector networks

“…Frequency multiplication is one of the popular approaches to generate the signals. In the microwave and millimeter wave band, Schottky diodes are commonly used to design the multiplier [1,2,3,4]. Compared with high frequency active oscillators, the Schottky-diode multiplier is a good choice to obtain the low noise and stable frequency source [5].…”