Injection system for tri-fuel engines with control of power by simultaneous use of CNG and ethanol or gasoline

Veiga, Michel R.; Mansano, Ronaldo Domingues; Silva, Rafael L.; Gomes, Cléber Willian

doi:10.4271/2010-36-0195

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The second case refers instead to the simultaneous combustion of gasoline and gaseous fuels, such as LPG or CNG, which has been successfully tested by the authors [11], and [12] and by other research groups [13] to [15]; this kind of combustion can be easily implemented in bi-fuel engines as a third operative mode realized by the injections of both gasoline and gas within the same engine cycle, requiring the adoption of shorter gas injection times (even 20% of nominal values): this may induce the gas injector to operate in the nonlinear range, thus causing poor air-fuel ratio control, with consequent increases in pollutant emissions and decreases in engine efficiency.…”

Section: Solenoid Injector Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Model-Based Linearization of a S.I. Engine Gas Injector Flow Chart

Pipitone

Beccari

Cammalleri

et al. 2014

SV-JME

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Experimental tests previously executed by the authors on the simultaneous combustion of gasoline and gaseous fuel in a spark ignition \ud engine revealed the presence of strong nonlinearities in the lower part of the gas injector flow chart. These nonlinearities arise via the injector \ud outflow area variation caused by the needle impacts and bounces during the transient phenomena that take place in the opening and closing \ud phases of the injector and may seriously compromise the air-fuel mixture quality control for the lower injection times, thus increasing both fuel \ud consumption and pollutant emissions.\ud Despite the extensive literature about the operation and modelling of fuel injectors, there are no known studies focused on the \ud nonlinearities of the gas injector flow chart and on the way they can be reduced or eliminated. The authors thus developed a mathematical \ud model for the prediction of mass injected by a spark ignition (S.I.) engine gas injector, validated through experimental data. The gas injector \ud has been studied with particular reference to the complex needle motion during the opening and closing phases, which may strongly affect \ud the amount of fuel injected.\ud In this work, the mathematical model previously developed has been employed to study and determine an appropriate injection strategy \ud in order to linearize the injector flow chart to the greatest degree possible. The injection strategy proposed by the authors is based on minimum \ud injection energy considerations and may be easily implemented in current engine control units (ECU) without any hardware modification or \ud additional costs. Once calibrated by means of simulation, this strategy has been validated by experimental data acquired on an appropriately \ud equipped injector test bench. As a result, the real injector flow chart has been substantially improved, reducing its deviation from linearity to \ud one third of the original flow chart, which is an excellent result, especially if the typical measurement dispersion of the injected mass is taken \ud into account. The injection strategy proposed by the authors could extend the linear behaviour of gas injectors and improve the fuel supply by \ud means of a simple software update of the ECU, thus obtaining higher engine efficiency and lower pollutant emissions

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Section: Solenoid Injector Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Model-Based Linearization of a S.I. Engine Gas Injector Flow Chart

Pipitone

Beccari

Cammalleri

et al. 2014

SV-JME

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The above two energy sources are both stored in gaseous form in a storage tank at high pressure and are used as fuel. In the case of hydrogen, it is compressed to 700-800 bar in the storage tank, while CNG is compressed to 200 bar (Veiga et al, 2010). However, in terms of public perception, these two energy sources are highly recognized as flammable gases with a higher risk of explosion compared to existing petroleum resources (Li et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Received Signal of an Ultrasonic Sensor Installed in a Chamber with Micro-Leakage

Seo

Lee

2021

Mech. Sci.

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Abstract. As fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution problems are becoming increasingly more serious, interest in the efficient use of natural resources and alternative energy is rapidly growing. In particular, interest in fuels stored as high-pressure gases such as natural gas and hydrogen is also rising. Ultrasonic waves show various received signals according to characteristics such as density of the medium and acoustic impedance. An experimental study on the detection of the micro-leakage of fuel stored as high-pressure gas was conducted based on the characteristics of ultrasonic waves. First, an ultrasonic sensor was manufactured by selecting the matching layer with consideration of the acoustic impedance. In the experiment, a mass flow controller (MFC) was attached to a perforated hole in the fabricated chamber to generate micro-leakage, and the signal from the receiving ultrasonic sensor was then collected. The envelope signal of the received ultrasonic sensor signal was analyzed through the Gaussian distribution method. The temperature inside the chamber and the received voltage decreased according to a similar trend and showed a nonlinear result. However, the phase of the received ultrasonic sensor signal showed a relatively linear result according to the internal pressure change. Micro-leakage could not be detected with only the received voltage seen by the ultrasonic sensor. Therefore, the phase shift of the receiving ultrasonic sensor can be used to detect micro-leakage in a high-pressure gas tank.

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NOX reduction and efficiency improvements by means of the Double Fuel HCCI combustion of natural gas–gasoline mixtures

Pipitone

Genchi

2016

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Injection system for tri-fuel engines with control of power by simultaneous use of CNG and ethanol or gasoline

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental Model-Based Linearization of a S.I. Engine Gas Injector Flow Chart

Experimental Model-Based Linearization of a S.I. Engine Gas Injector Flow Chart

Characteristics of the Received Signal of an Ultrasonic Sensor Installed in a Chamber with Micro-Leakage

NOX reduction and efficiency improvements by means of the Double Fuel HCCI combustion of natural gas–gasoline mixtures

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