Injuries in Medium to Long-Distance Triathlon: A Retrospective Analysis of Medical Conditions Treated in Three Editions of the Ironman Competition

Feletti, Francesco; Saini, G.; Naldi, Stefano; Casadio, Carlo; Mellini, Lorenzo; Feliciani, Giacomo; Zamprogno, Emanuela

doi:10.52082/jssm.2022.58

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A limitation of the present study was the specificity of the triathlon format examined (Ironman ® 70.3) in terms of physiological and psychological demands 15,31,32 . Thus, caution would be needed to generalize our findings to other triathlon formats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Predicting overall performance in Ironman 70.3 age group triathletes through split disciplines

Nikolaidis

Valero²,

Weiss³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Knowing which discipline contributes most to a triathlon performance is important to plan race pacing properly. To date, we know that the running split is the most decisive discipline in the Olympic distance triathlon, and the cycling split is the most important discipline in the full-distance Ironman® triathlon. However, we have no knowledge of the Ironman® 70.3. This study intended to determine the most crucial discipline in age group athletes competing from 2004 to 2020 in a total of 787 Ironman® 70.3 races. A total of 823,459 athletes (198,066 women and 625,393 men) from 240 different countries were analyzed and recorded in 5-year age groups, from 18 to 75 + years. Correlation analysis, multiple linear regression, and two-way ANOVA were applied, considering p < 0.05. No differences in the regression analysis between the contributions of the swimming, cycling, and running splits could be found for all age groups. However, the correlation analysis showed stronger associations of the cycling and running split times than the swimming split times with overall race times and a smaller difference in swimming performance between males and females in age groups 50 years and older. For age group triathletes competing in Ironman® 70.3, running and cycling were more predictive than swimming for overall race performance. There was a progressive reduction in the performance gap between men and women aged 50 years and older. This information may aid triathletes and coaches in planning their race tactics in an Ironman® 70.3 race.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Predicting overall performance in Ironman 70.3 age group triathletes through split disciplines

Nikolaidis

Valero²,

Weiss³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…7 In addition, there may be difficulties in extracting patients who have an OHCA while swimming, with guidelines suggesting a medical post should be specifically at the swim point with sufficient staff available. 19,21 Further research is required into this, and event organizers should be aware of this high-risk area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests during Mass-Participation Endurance Events: A Case Series

Morton,

Goonetilleke,

Taylor

et al. 2023

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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Introduction-Mass-participation endurance events take place throughout the United Kingdom. Although out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) occur during these events, little is known about them. This case series aims to describe the number, type, etiology, and outcome of OHCAs treated by a UK-based specialist sports medicine provider over a period of 8 y.Methods-The medical records of a UK-based sports medicine provider were reviewed from 2014 to 2022. Anonymized information from OHCAs during this time was recorded. This included type of event, patient demographics, details of OHCA, and patient outcomes.Results-Ten OHCAs were identified during the course of 110 sporting events. These included the cases of 9 participants and 1 spectator. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved onsite in all patients. Eight survived beyond 24 h and achieved a full neurological recovery. Seventy percent of these patients achieved ROSC within 4 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation being initiated. The 2 patients who died both presented with a nonshockable rhythm.Conclusions-OHCAs during mass-participation endurance events are rare. However, medical providers must be prepared to respond promptly. Quick interventions can result in a full neurological recovery.

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“…Only one interruption of the ECG streaming occurred over 3 min of transmission. This method's applications are in mass ultraendurance sports competitions, which are becoming increasingly popular and can generate significant injuries, including potentially fatal events [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telemedicine in Sports under Extreme Conditions: Data Transmission, Remote Medical Consultations, and Diagnostic Imaging

Pegoraro

Rossini

Giganti

et al. 2023

IJERPH

Self Cite

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Telemedical technologies provide significant benefits in sports for performance monitoring and early recognition of many medical issues, especially when sports are practised outside a regulated playing field, where participants are exposed to rapidly changing environmental conditions or specialised medical assistance is unavailable. We provide a review of the medical literature on the use of telemedicine in adventure and extreme sports. Out of 2715 unique sport citations from 4 scientific databases 16 papers met the criteria, which included all research papers exploring the use of telemedicine for monitoring performance and health status in extreme environments. Their quality was assessed by a double-anonymised review with a specifically designed four-item scoring system. Telemedicine was used in high-mountain sports (37.5%; n = 6), winter sports (18.7%; n = 3), water sports (25%; n = 4), and long-distance land sports (18.7%; n = 3). Telemedicine was used for data transfer, teleconsulting, and the execution of remote-controlled procedures, including imaging diagnostics. Telemedical technologies were also used to diagnose and treat sport-related and environmentally impacted injuries, including emergencies in three extreme conditions: high mountains, ultraendurance activities, and in/under the water. By highlighting sport-specific movement patterns or physiological and pathological responses in extreme climatic conditions and environments, telemedicine may result in better preparation and development of strategies for an in-depth understanding of the stress of the metabolic, cardiorespiratory, biomechanical, or neuromuscular system, potentially resulting in performance improvement and injury prevention.

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Injuries in Medium to Long-Distance Triathlon: A Retrospective Analysis of Medical Conditions Treated in Three Editions of the Ironman Competition

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Predicting overall performance in Ironman 70.3 age group triathletes through split disciplines

Predicting overall performance in Ironman 70.3 age group triathletes through split disciplines

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests during Mass-Participation Endurance Events: A Case Series

Telemedicine in Sports under Extreme Conditions: Data Transmission, Remote Medical Consultations, and Diagnostic Imaging

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