Injuries to the tarsometatarsal joint, also known as Lisfranc injuries, are uncommon and can be difficult to diagnose. These injuries have a high potential for causing substantial disability related to posttraumatic osteoarthritis. As a result, it is important to be alert for these injuries when evaluating patients after acute foot trauma. This case report describes a collegiate athlete with a Lisfranc fracture-dislocation. Relevant aspects of the physical examination, diagnostic imaging, and treatment considerations are discussed.
Case ReportThe patient, a 22 year-old male collegiate football player, was examined on the field after sustaining an injury to his right foot. After falling on a plantarflexed, fixed foot, an axial load was applied to the posterior aspect of the patient's right heel. He developed immediate pain and swelling over the dorsum of the foot, and he was unable to bear weight on his foot. His medical and surgical history were unremarkable.When the patient was examined, he was in extreme discomfort. He had considerable swelling over the dorsum of the midfoot. His foot was diffusely tender with areas of maximal tenderness over the first and second tarsometatarsal joints, the medial cuneiform, and between the first and second metatarsal heads. The foot was otherwise neurologically intact.The patient was sent to the local emergency department for radiographs immediately after the injury. Non-weight-bearing anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique radiographs were obtained. The physicians caring for the patient in the emergency department, including the on-call radiologist, did not observe any abnormalities on the initial films. The patient was released from the emergency department with crutches and a postoperative shoe. He was told that he had a severe sprain of his foot. When the patient brought the radiographs to the training room the next day, a fracture of the medial cuneiform was seen in addition to 2 mm of widening between the medial and middle cuneiform articulation, findings consistent with a Lisfranc fracture-dislocation (Figure 1). The patient's foot was placed in a fracture boot, and he was assigned to strict non-weight-bearing status. He was then referred to a foot and ankle surgeon, who took him to the operating room 4 days after the injury for open reduction and internal fixation of both the medial cuneiform fracture and the Lisfranc dislocation. A cannulated screw was placed from the medial aspect of the medial cuneiform across the Lisfranc articulation into the base of the second metatarsal. A second screw was placed across the medial cuneiform into the middle cuneiform (Figure 2). The patient was instructed to remain non-weight bearing, and his foot was put in a cast to immobilize it. He was then given a fracture boot to wear for 6 weeks. He was gradually weaned from his fracture boot without difficulty. The hardware was removed 19 weeks after surgery. At 42 weeks after surgery and 22 weeks after removal of the screws, the patient was asymptomatic and was given permission to partic...